const std::unordered_map<int64_t, int64_t>& op_missing_tensor) {
  std::vector<int64_t> result;
  for (auto& op_entry : op_tape) {
    if (op_missing_tensor.find(op_entry.first) == op_missing_tensor.end()) {
      result.push_back(op_entry.first);
    }
  }
  return result;
}

template <typename Gradient, typename BackwardFunction, typename TapeTensor>
Status InitialGradients(