```


## Adding Microbenchmarks

Before adding a new microbenchmark, make yourself familiar with the JMH API. You can check our existing microbenchmarks and also the
[JMH samples](http://hg.openjdk.java.net/code-tools/jmh/file/tip/jmh-samples/src/main/java/org/openjdk/jmh/samples/).

Thanks to [Starlette](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/), testing **FastAPI** applications is easy and enjoyable.

It is based on [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org), which in turn is designed based on Requests, so it's very familiar and intuitive.

With it, you can use [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/) directly with **FastAPI**.

## Using `TestClient` { #using-testclient }

/// info

It will have a *path operation* that will receive an `Invoice` body, and a query parameter `callback_url` that will contain the URL for the callback.

This part is pretty normal, most of the code is probably already familiar to you:

{* ../../docs_src/openapi_callbacks/tutorial001_py310.py hl[7:11,34:51] *}

/// tip

The `callback_url` query parameter uses a Pydantic [Url](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/api/networks/) type.

///

    changes to be made to PR to pass quality checks and send it back or on a
    rare occasion we may reject it.

**3. Review**

-   For a valid PR, reviewer (person familiar with the code/functionality)
    checks if the PR looks good or needs additional changes.
-   If all looks good, the reviewer will approve the PR.
-   If a change is needed, the contributor is requested to make the suggested

Graças ao [Starlette](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/), testar aplicações **FastAPI** é fácil e agradável.

Ele é baseado no [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org), que por sua vez é projetado com base em Requests, por isso é muito familiar e intuitivo.

Com ele, você pode usar o [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/) diretamente com **FastAPI**.

## Usando `TestClient` { #using-testclient }

/// info | Informação

Está basado en [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org), que a su vez está diseñado basado en Requests, por lo que es muy familiar e intuitivo.

Con él, puedes usar [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/) directamente con **FastAPI**.

## Usando `TestClient` { #using-testclient }

/// info | Información

Ele terá uma *operação de rota* que receberá um corpo `Invoice`, e um parâmetro de consulta `callback_url` que conterá a URL para o callback.

Essa parte é bastante normal, a maior parte do código provavelmente já é familiar para você:

{* ../../docs_src/openapi_callbacks/tutorial001_py310.py hl[7:11,34:51] *}

/// tip | Dica

O parâmetro de consulta `callback_url` usa um tipo Pydantic [Url](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/api/networks/).

   *
   * <p><b>Warning:</b> in most circumstances it is better to set a per-cache {@linkplain
   * #maximumSize(long) maximum size} instead of using soft references. You should only use this
   * method if you are well familiar with the practical consequences of soft references.
   *
   * <p><b>Note:</b> when this method is used, the resulting cache will use identity ({@code ==})
   * comparison to determine equality of values.
   *

    builder then use it to sign another certificate or perform a TLS handshake. The
    `certificatePem()` method encodes the certificate in the familiar PEM format
    (`--- BEGIN CERTIFICATE ---`); the `privateKeyPkcs8Pem()` does likewise for the private key.

    `HandshakeCertificates` holds the TLS certificates required for a TLS handshake. On the server

No mesmo ponto, você tenta acionar o preenchimento automático com o `Ctrl+Space` e vê:

<img src="/img/python-types/image02.png">

Com isso, você pode rolar, vendo as opções, até encontrar o que "soa familiar":

<img src="/img/python-types/image03.png">

## Mais motivação { #more-motivation }

Verifique esta função, ela já possui type hints:

{* ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial003_py310.py hl[1] *}