private static final BigDecimal MAX_INT_AS_BIG_DECIMAL = BigDecimal.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
  private static final BigDecimal MIN_INT_AS_BIG_DECIMAL = BigDecimal.valueOf(Integer.MIN_VALUE);

  private static final BigDecimal MAX_LONG_AS_BIG_DECIMAL = BigDecimal.valueOf(Long.MAX_VALUE);
  private static final BigDecimal MIN_LONG_AS_BIG_DECIMAL = BigDecimal.valueOf(Long.MIN_VALUE);

  public void testConstantsMaxFactorial() {

  private static final BigDecimal MAX_INT_AS_BIG_DECIMAL = BigDecimal.valueOf(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
  private static final BigDecimal MIN_INT_AS_BIG_DECIMAL = BigDecimal.valueOf(Integer.MIN_VALUE);

  private static final BigDecimal MAX_LONG_AS_BIG_DECIMAL = BigDecimal.valueOf(Long.MAX_VALUE);
  private static final BigDecimal MIN_LONG_AS_BIG_DECIMAL = BigDecimal.valueOf(Long.MIN_VALUE);

  public void testConstantsMaxFactorial() {

    return (int) (toLong(dividend) % toLong(divisor));
  }

  /**
   * Returns the unsigned {@code int} value represented by the given string.
   *
   * <p>Accepts a decimal, hexadecimal, or octal number given by specifying the following prefix:
   *
   * <ul>
   *   <li>{@code 0x}<i>HexDigits</i>
   *   <li>{@code 0X}<i>HexDigits</i>
   *   <li>{@code #}<i>HexDigits</i>

   *
   * <p>If the argument is nonnegative, the returned result will be equal to {@code bits},
   * otherwise, the result will be equal to {@code 2^32 + bits}.
   *
   * <p>To represent unsigned decimal constants, consider {@link #valueOf(long)} instead.
   *
   * @since 14.0
   */
  public static UnsignedInteger fromIntBits(int bits) {
    return new UnsignedInteger(bits);
  }

  /**

    // contain non-decimal characters.
    int length = end - start;
    if (length <= 0 || length > 3) {
      throw new NumberFormatException();
    }
    // Disallow leading zeroes, because no clear standard exists on
    // whether these should be interpreted as decimal or octal.
    if (length > 1 && ipString.charAt(start) == '0') {

     * java.util.regex (where we want them in order to avoid catastrophic backtracking).
     */
    String decimal = "(?:\\d+#(?:\\.\\d*#)?|\\.\\d+#)";
    String completeDec = decimal + "(?:[eE][+-]?\\d+#)?[fFdD]?";
    String hex = "(?:[0-9a-fA-F]+#(?:\\.[0-9a-fA-F]*#)?|\\.[0-9a-fA-F]+#)";
    String completeHex = "0[xX]" + hex + "[pP][+-]?\\d+#[fFdD]?";

        radix);
    // Benchmarks indicate this is probably not worth optimizing.
    return Integer.toString(toInt(x), radix);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the unsigned {@code byte} value represented by the given decimal string.
   *
   * @throws NumberFormatException if the string does not contain a valid unsigned {@code byte}
   *     value
   * @throws NullPointerException if {@code string} is null (in contrast to {@link

    long rem = dividend - quotient * divisor;
    return rem - (compare(rem, divisor) >= 0 ? divisor : 0);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the unsigned {@code long} value represented by the given decimal string.
   *
   * <p><b>Java 8+ users:</b> use {@link Long#parseUnsignedLong(String)} instead.
   *
   * @throws NumberFormatException if the string does not contain a valid unsigned {@code long}
   *     value

    int[] toIntArray() {
      return Arrays.copyOfRange(array, start, end);
    }

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;
  }

  /**
   * Parses the specified string as a signed decimal integer value. The ASCII character {@code '-'}
   * (<code>'&#92;u002D'</code>) is recognized as the minus sign.
   *
   * <p>Unlike {@link Integer#parseInt(String)}, this method returns {@code null} instead of

      }
      asciiDigits = result;
    }

    static int digit(char c) {
      return (c < 128) ? asciiDigits[c] : -1;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Parses the specified string as a signed decimal long value. The ASCII character {@code '-'} (
   * <code>'&#92;u002D'</code>) is recognized as the minus sign.
   *
   * <p>Unlike {@link Long#parseLong(String)}, this method returns {@code null} instead of throwing