val data = CertificateAdapters.certificate.toDer(this)
    try {
      val certificateFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509")
      val certificates = certificateFactory.generateCertificates(Buffer().write(data).inputStream())
      return certificates.single() as X509Certificate
    } catch (e: NoSuchElementException) {
      throw IllegalArgumentException("failed to decode certificate", e)
    } catch (e: IllegalArgumentException) {

Der TLS-Terminierungsproxy hätte Zugriff auf ein oder mehrere **TLS-Zertifikate** (HTTPS-Zertifikate).

Mithilfe der oben beschriebenen **SNI-Erweiterung** würde der TLS-Terminierungsproxy herausfinden, welches der verfügbaren TLS-Zertifikate (HTTPS) er für diese Verbindung verwenden muss, und zwar das, welches mit der vom Client erwarteten Domain übereinstimmt.

In diesem Fall würde er das Zertifikat für `someapp.example.com` verwenden.

    * C'est une couche en dessous de HTTP.
    * Donc, le certificat et le traitement du cryptage sont faits avant HTTP.
* TCP ne connaît pas les "domaines", seulement les adresses IP.
    * L'information sur le domaine spécifique demandé se trouve dans les données HTTP.
* Les certificats HTTPS "certifient" un certain domaine, mais le protocole et le cryptage se font au niveau TCP, avant de savoir quel domaine est traité.

* HAProxy
    * Mit einer externen Komponente wie Certbot für Zertifikat-Erneuerungen
* Kubernetes mit einem Ingress Controller wie Nginx
    * Mit einer externen Komponente wie cert-manager für Zertifikat-Erneuerungen
* Es wird intern von einem Cloud-Anbieter als Teil seiner Dienste verwaltet (siehe unten 👇)

    val certificate = heldCertificate.certificate
    assertThat(certificate.getSubjectX500Principal().name, "self-signed")
      .isEqualTo(certificate.getIssuerX500Principal().name)
    assertThat(certificate.getIssuerX500Principal().name).matches(Regex("CN=[0-9a-f-]{36}"))
    assertThat(certificate.serialNumber).isEqualTo(BigInteger.ONE)
    assertThat(certificate.subjectAlternativeNames).isNull()

    throw IllegalArgumentException("failed to decode certificate", nsee)
  } catch (iae: IllegalArgumentException) {
    throw IllegalArgumentException("failed to decode certificate", iae)
  } catch (e: GeneralSecurityException) {
    throw IllegalArgumentException("failed to decode certificate", e)
  }
}

/**
 * Returns the certificate encoded in [PEM format][rfc_7468].
 *

on-300-000-iranians-using-fake-google-certificate.html). It also assumes your HTTPS servers’ certificates are signed by a certificate authority.

Use [CertificatePinner](https://square.github.io/okhttp/4.x/okhttp/okhttp3/-certificate-pinner/) to restrict which certificates and certificate authorities are trusted. Certificate pinning increases security, but limits your server team’s abilities to update their TLS certificates. **Do not use certificate pinning without the blessing of your server’s...

    }

    // Should not be pinned:
    certificatePinner.check("uk", listOf(certB1.certificate))
    certificatePinner.check("co.uk", listOf(certB1.certificate))
    certificatePinner.check("anotherexample.co.uk", listOf(certB1.certificate))
    certificatePinner.check("foo.anotherexample.co.uk", listOf(certB1.certificate))
  }

  @Test
  fun testBadPin() {

 *
 *  * The server's handshake certificates must have a [held certificate][HeldCertificate] (a
 *    certificate and its private key). The certificate's subject alternative names must match the
 *    server's hostname. The server must also have is a (possibly-empty) chain of intermediate
 *    certificates to establish trust from a root certificate to the server's certificate. The root
 *    certificate is not included in this chain.

    @Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
      for (Certificate certificate : chain.connection().handshake().peerCertificates()) {
        String pin = CertificatePinner.pin(certificate);
        if (denylist.contains(pin)) {
          throw new IOException("Denylisted peer certificate: " + pin);
        }
      }
      return chain.proceed(chain.request());
    }
  };