assertLessThan(NEW, TERMINATED);

    assertLessThan(STARTING, RUNNING);
    assertLessThan(STARTING, STOPPING);
    assertLessThan(STARTING, FAILED);

    assertLessThan(RUNNING, STOPPING);
    assertLessThan(RUNNING, FAILED);

    assertLessThan(STOPPING, FAILED);
    assertLessThan(STOPPING, TERMINATED);
  }

  private static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> void assertLessThan(T a, T b) {

        lock.lock();
        try {
            switch (state) {
                case RUNNING:
                    break;
                case STOPPING:
                    throw new IllegalStateException(String.format("Cannot use %s as it is currently stopping.", displayName));
                case STOPPED:
                    throw new IllegalStateException(String.format("Cannot use %s as it has been stopped.", displayName));

     * It should, however, stop accepting new work.</p>
     *
     * <p>
     * Requesting stopping does not guarantee the stoppable actually stops.
     * Requesting stopping means preparing for stopping; stopping accepting new work.
     * You have to call stop at some point anyway if your intention is to completely stop the stoppable.
     */
    void requestStop();

    assertLessThan(NEW, TERMINATED);

    assertLessThan(STARTING, RUNNING);
    assertLessThan(STARTING, STOPPING);
    assertLessThan(STARTING, FAILED);

    assertLessThan(RUNNING, STOPPING);
    assertLessThan(RUNNING, FAILED);

    assertLessThan(STOPPING, FAILED);
    assertLessThan(STOPPING, TERMINATED);
  }

  private static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> void assertLessThan(T a, T b) {

    assertFalse(service.isRunning());
    assertTrue(service.doStartCalled);

    service.stopAsync();
    assertEquals(State.STOPPING, service.state());
    assertFalse(service.isRunning());
    assertFalse(service.doStopCalled);

    service.notifyStarted();
    assertEquals(State.STOPPING, service.state());
    assertFalse(service.isRunning());
    assertTrue(service.doStopCalled);

    service.notifyStopped();

    assertFalse(service.isRunning());
    assertTrue(service.doStartCalled);

    service.stopAsync();
    assertEquals(State.STOPPING, service.state());
    assertFalse(service.isRunning());
    assertFalse(service.doStopCalled);

    service.notifyStarted();
    assertEquals(State.STOPPING, service.state());
    assertFalse(service.isRunning());
    assertTrue(service.doStopCalled);

    service.notifyStopped();

    return new ListenerCallQueue.Event<Listener>() {
      @Override
      public void call(Listener listener) {
        listener.stopping(from);
      }

      @Override
      public String toString() {
        return "stopping({from = " + from + "})";
      }
    };
  }

  private final Monitor monitor = new Monitor();

    public void finished(ConnectionState connectionState) {
        connections.remove(connectionState);
        if (stopping) {
            maybeStop();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Called when no further incoming connections will be added.
     */
    public void noFurtherConnections() {
        stopping = true;
        maybeStop();
    }

    private void maybeStop() {
        if (connections.isEmpty()) {

	// quiesce before fully removing it.

	handlers.stopping = append(handlers.stopping, stopping{c, h})

	handlers.Unlock()

	signalWaitUntilIdle()

	handlers.Lock()

	for i, s := range handlers.stopping {
		if s.c == c {
			handlers.stopping = append(handlers.stopping[:i], handlers.stopping[i+1:]...)
			break
		}
	}

	handlers.Unlock()
}

    return new ListenerCallQueue.Event<Listener>() {
      @Override
      public void call(Listener listener) {
        listener.stopping(from);
      }

      @Override
      public String toString() {
        return "stopping({from = " + from + "})";
      }
    };
  }

  private final Monitor monitor = new Monitor();