*/
  private volatile StateSnapshot snapshot = new StateSnapshot(NEW);

  /** Constructor for use by subclasses. */
  protected AbstractService() {}

  /**
   * This method is called by {@link #startAsync} to initiate service startup. The invocation of
   * this method should cause a call to {@link #notifyStarted()}, either during this method's run,

   *     method is called.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public ServiceManager startAsync() {
    for (Service service : services) {
      checkState(service.state() == NEW, "Not all services are NEW, cannot start %s", this);
    }
    for (Service service : services) {
      try {
        state.tryStartTiming(service);
        service.startAsync();
      } catch (IllegalStateException e) {

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

/**
 * An object with an operational state, plus asynchronous {@link #startAsync()} and {@link
 * #stopAsync()} lifecycle methods to transition between states. Example services include
 * webservers, RPC servers and timers.
 *
 * <p>The normal lifecycle of a service is:
 *
 * <ul>

  public final Throwable failureCause() {
    return delegate.failureCause();
  }

  /**
   * @since 15.0
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @Override
  public final Service startAsync() {
    delegate.startAsync();
    return this;
  }

  /**
   * @since 15.0
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @Override
  public final Service stopAsync() {
    delegate.stopAsync();
    return this;

    service.startAsync().awaitRunning();
    assertEquals(State.RUNNING, service.state());

    service.stopAsync().awaitTerminated();
    assertEquals(State.TERMINATED, service.state());
  }

  public void testNoOpServiceStartAsyncAndAwaitStopAsyncAndAwait() throws Exception {
    NoOpService service = new NoOpService();

    service.startAsync().awaitRunning();

    service.startAsync().awaitRunning();
    assertEquals(State.RUNNING, service.state());

    service.stopAsync().awaitTerminated();
    assertEquals(State.TERMINATED, service.state());
  }

  public void testNoOpServiceStartAsyncAndAwaitStopAsyncAndAwait() throws Exception {
    NoOpService service = new NoOpService();

    service.startAsync().awaitRunning();

        public ServletContext getServletContext() {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public AsyncContext startAsync() throws IllegalStateException {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public AsyncContext startAsync(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) throws IllegalStateException {
            return null;
        }

        @Override

  public final Throwable failureCause() {
    return delegate.failureCause();
  }

  /**
   * @since 15.0
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @Override
  public final Service startAsync() {
    delegate.startAsync();
    return this;
  }

  /**
   * @since 15.0
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @Override
  public final Service stopAsync() {
    delegate.stopAsync();
    return this;

          public final void addListener(Listener listener, Executor executor) {
            service1.startAsync();
            delegate.addListener(listener, executor);
          }

          // Delegates from here on down
          @Override
          public final Service startAsync() {
            return delegate.startAsync();
          }

          @Override
          public final Service stopAsync() {

          public final void addListener(Listener listener, Executor executor) {
            service1.startAsync();
            delegate.addListener(listener, executor);
          }

          // Delegates from here on down
          @Override
          public final Service startAsync() {
            return delegate.startAsync();
          }

          @Override
          public final Service stopAsync() {