```

    To learn more about Python Packages and Modules, read <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/modules.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">the official Python documentation about Modules</a>.

### Avoid name collisions

We are importing the submodule `items` directly, instead of importing just its variable `router`.

This is because we also have another variable named `router` in the submodule `users`.

## Separating tests

In a real application, you probably would have your tests in a different file.

And your **FastAPI** application might also be composed of several files/modules, etc.

### **FastAPI** app file

Let's say you have a file structure as described in [Bigger Applications](bigger-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}:

```
.
├── app
│   ├── __init__.py

]

[tool.mypy]
strict = true

[[tool.mypy.overrides]]
module = "fastapi.concurrency"
warn_unused_ignores = false
ignore_missing_imports = true

[[tool.mypy.overrides]]
module = "fastapi.tests.*"
ignore_missing_imports = true
check_untyped_defs = true

[[tool.mypy.overrides]]
module = "docs_src.*"
disallow_incomplete_defs = false
disallow_untyped_defs = false

    ```

    第二个版本是「绝对导入」：

    ```Python
    from app.routers import items, users
    ```

    要了解有关 Python 包和模块的更多信息，请查阅<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/modules.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">关于 Modules 的 Python 官方文档</a>。

### 避免名称冲突

我们将直接导入 `items` 子模块，而不是仅导入其 `router` 变量。

这是因为我们在 `users` 子模块中也有另一个名为 `router` 的变量。

如果我们一个接一个地导入，例如：

```Python

!!! note
    If you check the new (fake) database `fake_users_db`, you will see how the hashed password looks like now: `"$2b$12$EixZaYVK1fsbw1ZfbX3OXePaWxn96p36WQoeG6Lruj3vjPGga31lW"`.

## Handle JWT tokens

Import the modules installed.

Create a random secret key that will be used to sign the JWT tokens.

To generate a secure random secret key use the command:

<div class="termy">

```console
$ openssl rand -hex 32

!!! warning "Attention"
    Pour faire cela, vous devez vous assurer que chacun de vos *chemin* ait un nom unique.

    Même s'ils se trouvent dans des modules différents (fichiers Python).

## Exclusion d'OpenAPI

  mkdocstrings:
    handlers:
      python:
        options:
          extensions:
          - griffe_typingdoc
          show_root_heading: true
          show_if_no_docstring: true
          preload_modules:
          - httpx
          - starlette
          inherited_members: true
          members_order: source
          separate_signature: true
          unwrap_annotated: true
          filters:
          - '!^_'

!!! warning
    If you do this, you have to make sure each one of your *path operation functions* has a unique name.

    Even if they are in different modules (Python files).

## Exclude from OpenAPI

To exclude a *path operation* from the generated OpenAPI schema (and thus, from the automatic documentation systems), use the parameter `include_in_schema` and set it to `False`:

 ╭─ <font color="#8AE234"><b>Python module file</b></font> ─╮
 │                      │
 │  🐍 main.py          │
 │                      │
 ╰──────────────────────╯

<font color="#3465A4">INFO    </font> Importing module <font color="#4E9A06">main</font>
<font color="#3465A4">INFO    </font> Found importable FastAPI app

!!! tip "Astuce"
    Pour ceux qui se demandent, "AlexNet", "ResNet", et "LeNet" sont juste des noms de <abbr title="Techniquement, des architectures de modèles">modèles</abbr> de Machine Learning.

### Déclarer un paramètre de chemin

Créez ensuite un *paramètre de chemin* avec une annotation de type désignant l'énumération créée précédemment (`ModelName`) :