var p1 P
	err := DB.Take(&p1, 1).Error
	AssertEqual(t, err, gorm.ErrModelAccessibleFieldsRequired)

	var p2 interface{}

	err = DB.Table("ps").Clauses(clause.Eq{Column: clause.Column{
		Table: clause.CurrentTable, Name: clause.PrimaryKey,
	}, Value: 1}).Scan(&p2).Error
	AssertEqual(t, err, gorm.ErrModelValueRequired)
}

func TestQueryScanToArray(t *testing.T) {

		statusCode: 400,
		cause:      err,
	}
}

func errParseExpectedWhenClause(err error) *s3Error {
	return &s3Error{
		code:       "ParseExpectedWhenClause",
		message:    "Did not find the expected WHEN clause in the SQL expression. CASE is not supported.",
		statusCode: 400,
		cause:      err,
	}
}

func errParseUnsupportedToken(err error) *s3Error {

				"age": 18,
			},
			expect: clause.Values{
				Columns: []clause.Column{{Name: "age"}},
				Values:  [][]interface{}{{18}},
			},
		},
		{
			name: "Test convert float value",
			input: map[string]interface{}{
				"score": 99.5,
			},
			expect: clause.Values{
				Columns: []clause.Column{{Name: "score"}},
				Values:  [][]interface{}{{99.5}},
			},
		},
		{

func (limit Limit) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	clause.Name = ""

	if v, ok := clause.Expression.(Limit); ok {
		if (limit.Limit == nil || *limit.Limit == 0) && v.Limit != nil {
			limit.Limit = v.Limit
		}

		if limit.Offset == 0 && v.Offset > 0 {
			limit.Offset = v.Offset
		} else if limit.Offset < 0 {
			limit.Offset = 0
		}
	}

	clause.Expression = limit

		},
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{}, clause.From{}, clause.Limit{Limit: &limit0}},
			"SELECT * FROM `users` LIMIT ?",
			[]interface{}{limit0},
		},
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{}, clause.From{}, clause.Limit{Limit: &limit0}, clause.Limit{Offset: 0}},
			"SELECT * FROM `users` LIMIT ?",
			[]interface{}{limit0},
		},
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{}, clause.From{}, clause.Limit{Offset: 20}},

}

// ParseCheckConstraints parse schema check constraints
func (schema *Schema) ParseCheckConstraints() map[string]CheckConstraint {
	checks := map[string]CheckConstraint{}
	for _, field := range schema.FieldsByDBName {
		if chk := field.TagSettings["CHECK"]; chk != "" {
			names := strings.Split(chk, ",")

				if _, ok := db.Statement.Clauses["RETURNING"]; !ok {
					fromColumns := make([]clause.Column, 0, len(db.Statement.Schema.FieldsWithDefaultDBValue))
					for _, field := range db.Statement.Schema.FieldsWithDefaultDBValue {
						fromColumns = append(fromColumns, clause.Column{Name: field.DBName})
					}
					db.Statement.AddClause(clause.Returning{Columns: fromColumns})
				}
			}
		}

		if db.Statement.SQL.Len() == 0 {

package clause

import (
	"strings"
)

const (
	AndWithSpace = " AND "
	OrWithSpace  = " OR "
)

// Where where clause
type Where struct {
	Exprs []Expression
}

// Name where clause name
func (where Where) Name() string {
	return "WHERE"
}

// Build build where clause
func (where Where) Build(builder Builder) {
	if len(where.Exprs) == 1 {
		if andCondition, ok := where.Exprs[0].(AndConditions); ok {

type CreateClausesInterface interface {
	CreateClauses(*Field) []clause.Interface
}

// QueryClausesInterface query clauses interface
type QueryClausesInterface interface {
	QueryClauses(*Field) []clause.Interface
}

// UpdateClausesInterface update clauses interface
type UpdateClausesInterface interface {
	UpdateClauses(*Field) []clause.Interface
}

// DeleteClausesInterface delete clauses interface

											}

											exprs = append(exprs, clause.Expr{SQL: onSQL, Vars: vars})
										}
									}
								}
							}

							return clause.Join{
								Type:  joinType,
								Table: clause.Table{Name: relation.FieldSchema.Table, Alias: tableAliasName},
								ON:    clause.Where{Exprs: exprs},
							}
						}

						parentTableName := clause.CurrentTable
						for _, rel := range relations {