*/
        return sqrtFloor + lessThanBranchFree(halfSquare, x);
      default:
        throw new AssertionError();
    }
  }

  private static int sqrtFloor(int x) {
    // There is no loss of precision in converting an int to a double, according to
    // http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/third_edition/html/conversions.html#5.1.2
    return (int) Math.sqrt(x);
  }

  /**