} else {
        // if our write lost the race, it must have lost to a nonzero value, so we can stop
        return countMap.putIfAbsent(element, new AtomicInteger(newCount)) == null;
      }
    }
    int oldValue = existingCounter.get();
    if (oldValue == expectedOldCount) {
      if (oldValue == 0) {
        if (newCount == 0) {
          // Just observed a 0; try to remove the entry to clean up the map

  In general, Istio does not fail on missing CRDs and prefers to treat these as if there were just zero resources for that client.
  The `NewDelayedInformer` abstracts that entirely, offering the same API as normal `kclient.Client`.
* Simple object filtering. Beyond just static filters on objects, `kclient` supports _dynamic filters_ that can change at runtime.

## Recap

Having **HTTPS** is very important, and quite **critical** in most cases. Most of the effort you as a developer have to put around HTTPS is just about **understanding these concepts** and how they work.

    try {
      long remainingNanos = unit.toNanos(timeout);
      long end = System.nanoTime() + remainingNanos;

      while (true) {
        try {
          // CountDownLatch treats negative timeouts just like zero.
          return latch.await(remainingNanos, NANOSECONDS);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
          interrupted = true;
          remainingNanos = end - System.nanoTime();
        }
      }

# Security

There are many ways to handle security, authentication and authorization.

And it normally is a complex and "difficult" topic.

In many frameworks and systems just handling security and authentication takes a big amount of effort and code (in many cases it can be 50% or more of all the code written).

    return freshness.get();
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("removal") // b/321209431 -- maybe just use valueOf here?
  @Generates
  Integer generateInteger() {
    return new Integer(generateInt());
  }

  @Generates
  long generateLong() {
    return generateInt();
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("removal") // b/321209431 -- maybe just use valueOf here?
  @Generates
  Long generateLongObject() {

The spec also states that the `username` and `password` must be sent as form data (so, no JSON here).

### `scope`

The spec also says that the client can send another form field "`scope`".

The form field name is `scope` (in singular), but it is actually a long string with "scopes" separated by spaces.

Each "scope" is just a string (without spaces).

* Processing data:
    * For example, let's say you receive a file that must go through a slow process, you can return a response of "Accepted" (HTTP 202) and process it in the background.

## Using `BackgroundTasks`

This example doesn't implement the callback itself (that could be just a line of code), only the documentation part.

!!! tip
    The actual callback is just an HTTP request.

You only give `Depends` a single parameter.

This parameter must be something like a function.

You **don't call it** directly (don't add the parenthesis at the end), you just pass it as a parameter to `Depends()`.

And that function takes parameters in the same way that *path operation functions* do.

!!! tip