* </ul>
   *
   * A specific warning about locking: Code that executes user-supplied tasks, such as {@code
   * ListenableFuture} listeners, should take care not to do so while holding a lock. Additionally,
   * as a further line of defense, prefer not to perform any locking inside a task that will be run

    // way for it to return a false negative would be for the target value to jump around in the map
    // such that none of the subsequent iterations observed it, despite the fact that at every point
    // in time it was present somewhere int the map. This becomes increasingly unlikely as
    // CONTAINS_VALUE_RETRIES increases, though without locking it is theoretically possible.

    MemoizingSupplier(Supplier<T> delegate) {
      this.delegate = checkNotNull(delegate);
    }

    @Override
    @ParametricNullness
    public T get() {
      // A 2-field variant of Double Checked Locking.
      if (!initialized) {
        synchronized (this) {
          if (!initialized) {
            T t = delegate.get();
            value = t;
            initialized = true;
            return t;

    assertEquals(4, list.lastIndexOf("b"));
  }

  public void testCopyOfDefensiveCopy() {
    // Depending on JDK version, either toArray() or toArray(T[]) may be called... use this class
    // rather than mocking to ensure that one of those methods is called.
    class TestArrayList<E> extends ArrayList<E> {
      boolean toArrayCalled = false;

      @Override
      public Object[] toArray() {
        toArrayCalled = true;

    // way for it to return a false negative would be for the target value to jump around in the map
    // such that none of the subsequent iterations observed it, despite the fact that at every point
    // in time it was present somewhere int the map. This becomes increasingly unlikely as
    // CONTAINS_VALUE_RETRIES increases, though without locking it is theoretically possible.

 *       create a "fake" converter for a unit test. It is unnecessary (and confusing) to <i>mock</i>
 *       the {@code Converter} type using a mocking framework.
 *   <li>Extend this class and implement its {@link #doForward} and {@link #doBackward} methods.
 *   <li><b>Java 8+ users:</b> you may prefer to pass two lambda expressions or method references to

      return "Ordering.arbitrary()";
    }

    /*
     * We need to be able to mock identityHashCode() calls for tests, because it
     * can take 1-10 seconds to find colliding objects. Mocking frameworks that
     * can do magic to mock static method calls still can't do so for a system
     * class, so we need the indirection. In production, Hotspot should still

   * uncommon to specify {@code concurrencyLevel(1)} in order to achieve more deterministic eviction
   * behavior.
   *
   * <p>Note that future implementations may abandon segment locking in favor of more advanced
   * concurrency controls.
   *
   * @return this {@code CacheBuilder} instance (for chaining)
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code concurrencyLevel} is nonpositive

    // way for it to return a false negative would be for the target value to jump around in the map
    // such that none of the subsequent iterations observed it, despite the fact that at every point
    // in time it was present somewhere int the map. This becomes increasingly unlikely as
    // CONTAINS_VALUE_RETRIES increases, though without locking it is theoretically possible.

 *       create a "fake" converter for a unit test. It is unnecessary (and confusing) to <i>mock</i>
 *       the {@code Converter} type using a mocking framework.
 *   <li>Extend this class and implement its {@link #doForward} and {@link #doBackward} methods.
 *   <li><b>Java 8+ users:</b> you may prefer to pass two lambda expressions or method references to