import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * A strategy for determining whether two instances are considered equivalent, and for computing
 * hash codes in a manner consistent with that equivalence. Two examples of equivalences are the
 * {@linkplain #identity() identity equivalence} and the {@linkplain #equals "equals" equivalence}.
 *
 * @author Bob Lee
 * @author Ben Yu

import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * A strategy for determining whether two instances are considered equivalent, and for computing
 * hash codes in a manner consistent with that equivalence. Two examples of equivalences are the
 * {@linkplain #identity() identity equivalence} and the {@linkplain #equals "equals" equivalence}.
 *

   * exercise null handling fail on those subcollections.
   */
  public abstract static class NullsBefore implements Comparator<@Nullable String>, Serializable {
    /*
     * We don't serialize this class in GWT, so we don't care about whether GWT will serialize this
     * field.
     */
    @GwtTransient private final String justAfterNull;

    protected NullsBefore(String justAfterNull) {
      if (justAfterNull == null) {

  /**
   * Determines whether an edge has already been used during traversal. In the directed case a cycle
   * is always detected before reusing an edge, so no special logic is required. In the undirected
   * case, we must take care not to "backtrack" over an edge (i.e. going from A to B and then going
   * from B to A).
   */
  private static boolean canTraverseWithoutReusingEdge(

 *       <b>This may change in the future.</b>
 * </ul>
 *
 * <h3>Other notes</h3>
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>All ranges are shallow-immutable.
 *   <li>Instances of this type are obtained using the static factory methods in this class.
 *   <li>Ranges are <i>convex</i>: whenever two values are contained, all values in between them
 *       must also be contained. More formally, for any {@code c1 <= c2 <= c3} of type {@code C},

   * safe to do so. The exact circumstances under which a copy will or will not be performed are
   * undocumented and subject to change.
   *
   * <p>This method is not type-safe, as it may be called on elements that are not mutually
   * comparable.
   *
   * @throws ClassCastException if the elements are not mutually comparable
   * @throws NullPointerException if any of {@code elements} is null
   */

 * documented. Exceptions to this are {@link #containsKey}, {@link #size}, {@link #isEmpty}, {@link
 * #asMap}, and {@link #toString}.
 *
 * <p>Instances of this class may be used by multiple threads concurrently. All operations are
 * atomic unless otherwise noted.
 *
 * <p>Instances of this class are serializable if the keys are serializable.
 *

   *   <li>If {@code tolerance} is zero, and neither {@code a} nor {@code b} is NaN, then {@code a}
   *       and {@code b} are fuzzily equal if and only if {@code a == b}.
   *   <li>With {@link Double#POSITIVE_INFINITY} tolerance, all non-NaN values are fuzzily equal.
   *   <li>With finite tolerance, {@code Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY} and {@code
   *       Double.NEGATIVE_INFINITY} are fuzzily equal only to themselves.

   *       is used to construct the sample instances. In case of tie, the candidate constructors or
   *       factories are tried one after another until one can be used to construct sample
   *       instances.
   *   <li>For the constructor or static factory method used to construct instances, it's checked
   *       that when equal parameters are passed, the result instance should also be equal; and vice
   *       versa.

 * maintained with a doubly linked list through the entries. All optional operations (put and
 * remove) are supported. Null keys and values are supported.
 *
 * <p>{@code containsKey(k)}, {@code put(k, v)} and {@code remove(k)} are all (expected and
 * amortized) constant time operations. Expected in the hashtable sense (depends on the hash