shares connections when hosts share both IP addresses and certificates, such as `squareup.com`
    and `www.squareup.com`. If a server refuses such sharing it will return HTTP 421 and OkHttp will
    automatically retry on an unshared connection.
 *  Fix: Don't crash if a TLS tunnel's response body is truncated.
 *  Fix: Don't track unusable routes beyond their usefulness. We had a bug where we could track

    ```

FastAPI will use this return type to:

* **Validate** the returned data.
    * If the data is invalid (e.g. you are missing a field), it means that *your* app code is broken, not returning what it should, and it will return a server error instead of returning incorrect data. This way you and your clients can be certain that they will receive the data and the data shape expected.

You will have inline errors for the data that you send:

<img src="/img/tutorial/generate-clients/image04.png">

The response object will also have autocompletion:

<img src="/img/tutorial/generate-clients/image05.png">

## FastAPI App with Tags

In many cases your FastAPI app will be bigger, and you will probably use tags to separate different groups of *path operations*.

```JSON
{
    "message": "Hello World",
    "root_path": "/api/v1"
}
```

So, it won't expect to be accessed at `http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/app`.

   */
  class AddressPolicy(
    /**
     * How many concurrent calls should be possible to make at any time.
     * The pool will routinely try to pre-emptively open connections to satisfy this minimum.
     * Connections will still be closed if they idle beyond the keep-alive but will be replaced.
     */
    @JvmField val minimumConcurrentCalls: Int = 0,

   * [requestBodyOpen], [responseBodyOpen], and [expectMoreExchanges].
   *
   * This will release the connection if it is still held.
   *
   * It will also notify the listener that the call completed; either successfully or
   * unsuccessfully.
   *
   * If the call was canceled or timed out, this will wrap [e] in an exception that provides that
   * additional context. Otherwise [e] is returned as-is.
   */

Specifically, to see Uvicorn, Starlette and FastAPI compared together (among many other tools).

The simpler the problem solved by the tool, the better performance it will get. And most of the benchmarks don't test the additional features provided by the tool.

The hierarchy is like:

* **Uvicorn**: an ASGI server
    * **Starlette**: (uses Uvicorn) a web microframework

You can also use `dataclasses` in the `response_model` parameter:

```Python hl_lines="1  7-13  19"
{!../../../docs_src/dataclasses/tutorial002.py!}
```

The dataclass will be automatically converted to a Pydantic dataclass.

This way, its schema will show up in the API docs user interface:

<img src="/img/tutorial/dataclasses/image01.png">

## Dataclasses in Nested Data Structures

  will be invoked before waiting and guarantees that the condition is invoked at
  least once, regardless of whether the context has been cancelled. ([#118686](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/118686), [@aojea](https://github.com/aojea))

### Other (Cleanup or Flake)

      Thread.currentThread().interrupt() // Retain interrupted status.
      throw InterruptedIOException()
    }
  }

  /**
   * The Okio timeout watchdog will call [timedOut] if the timeout is reached. In that case we close
   * the stream (asynchronously) which will notify the waiting thread.
   */
  internal inner class StreamTimeout : AsyncTimeout() {
    override fun timedOut() {
      closeLater(ErrorCode.CANCEL)