=== "Python 3.10+"

    ```Python hl_lines="13"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial005_an_py310.py!}
    ```

=== "Python 3.9+"

    ```Python hl_lines="13"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial005_an_py39.py!}
    ```

=== "Python 3.8+"

    ```Python hl_lines="14"

For example, you could add a custom header `X-Process-Time` containing the time in seconds that it took to process the request and generate a response:

```Python hl_lines="10  12-13"
{!../../../docs_src/middleware/tutorial001.py!}
```

## Other middlewares

Sie könnten beispielsweise einen benutzerdefinierten Header `X-Process-Time` hinzufügen, der die Zeit in Sekunden enthält, die benötigt wurde, um den Request zu verarbeiten und eine Response zu generieren:

```Python hl_lines="10  12-13"
{!../../../docs_src/middleware/tutorial001.py!}
```

## Andere Middlewares

### 在 `response` 的前和后

在任何*路径操作*收到`request`前,可以添加要和请求一起运行的代码.

也可以在*响应*生成但是返回之前添加代码.

例如你可以添加自定义请求头 `X-Process-Time` 包含以秒为单位的接收请求和生成响应的时间:

```Python hl_lines="10  12-13"
{!../../../docs_src/middleware/tutorial001.py!}
```

## 其他中间件

你可以稍后在 [Advanced User Guide: Advanced Middleware](../advanced/middleware.md){.internal-link target=_blank}阅读更多关于中间件的教程.

We'll use an in-memory database that persists during the tests instead of the local file `sql_app.db`.

But the rest of the session code is more or less the same, we just copy it.

```Python hl_lines="8-13"
{!../../../docs_src/sql_databases/sql_app/tests/test_sql_app.py!}
```

!!! tip
    You could reduce duplication in that code by putting it in a function and using it from both `database.py` and `tests/test_sql_app.py`.

```

### 💾 🗄 🔗

👆 💪 ⚙️ 🏠 `.openapi_schema` "💾", 🏪 👆 🏗 🔗.

👈 🌌, 👆 🈸 🏆 🚫 ✔️ 🏗 🔗 🔠 🕰 👩‍💻 📂 👆 🛠️ 🩺.

⚫️ 🔜 🏗 🕴 🕐, & ⤴️ 🎏 💾 🔗 🔜 ⚙️ ⏭ 📨.

```Python hl_lines="13-14  24-25"
{!../../../docs_src/extending_openapi/tutorial001.py!}
```

### 🔐 👩‍🔬

🔜 👆 💪 ❎ `.openapi()` 👩‍🔬 ⏮️ 👆 🆕 🔢.

```Python hl_lines="28"
{!../../../docs_src/extending_openapi/tutorial001.py!}

    ```

=== "Python 3.10+ без Annotated"

    !!! tip "Подсказка"
        Рекомендуется использовать версию с `Annotated` если возможно.

    ```Python hl_lines="9-13"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial002_py310.py!}
    ```

=== "Python 3.6+ без Annotated"

    !!! tip "Подсказка"
        Рекомендуется использовать версию с `Annotated` если возможно.

```Python hl_lines="26"
{!../../../docs_src/custom_request_and_route/tutorial003.py!}
```

本例中，*路径操作*下的 `router` 使用自定义的 `TimedRoute` 类，并在响应中包含输出生成响应时间的 `X-Response-Time` 响应头：

```Python hl_lines="13-20"
{!../../../docs_src/custom_request_and_route/tutorial003.py!}

*path operation* が `request` を受け取る前に、 `request` とともに実行されるコードを追加できます。

また `response` が生成された後、それを返す前にも追加できます。

例えば、リクエストの処理とレスポンスの生成にかかった秒数を含むカスタムヘッダー `X-Process-Time` を追加できます:

```Python hl_lines="10  12-13"
{!../../../docs_src/middleware/tutorial001.py!}
```

## その他のミドルウェア

他のミドルウェアの詳細については、[高度なユーザーガイド: 高度なミドルウェア](../advanced/middleware.md){.internal-link target=_blank}を参照してください。

## `Path` importieren

Importieren Sie zuerst `Path` von `fastapi`, und importieren Sie `Annotated`.

=== "Python 3.10+"

    ```Python hl_lines="1  3"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/path_params_numeric_validations/tutorial001_an_py310.py!}
    ```

=== "Python 3.9+"

    ```Python hl_lines="1  3"
    {!> ../../../docs_src/path_params_numeric_validations/tutorial001_an_py39.py!}
    ```

=== "Python 3.8+"