Krishnan Parthasarathi <******@****.***> 1743662706 -0700

lint: getdeps ## runs golangci-lint suite of linters
	@echo "Running $@ check"
	@$(GOLANGCI) run --build-tags kqueue --timeout=10m --config ./.golangci.yml
	@command typos && typos ./ || echo "typos binary is not found.. skipping.."

lint-fix: getdeps ## runs golangci-lint suite of linters with automatic fixes
	@echo "Running $@ check"

2. **Commits**:
   - Write clear messages: what changed and why (e.g., “Refactor S3 API handler to reduce latency so that requests process 20% faster”).
   - Rebase to tidy commits before submitting (e.g., `git rebase -i main` to squash typos or reword messages), unless multiple contributors worked on the branch.
   - Keep PRs focused—one feature or fix. Split large changes into multiple PRs.

3. **Testing**:
   - Include unit tests for new functionality or bug fixes.

### Docs

* ✏ Fix a simple typo in `docs/en/docs/python-types.md`. PR [#5193](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5193) by [@GlitchingCore](https://github.com/GlitchingCore).
* ✏ Fix typos in `tests/test_schema_extra_examples.py`. PR [#5126](https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/5126) by [@supraaxdd](https://github.com/supraaxdd).

  }

  private static Type[] toArray(Collection<Type> types) {
    return types.toArray(new Type[0]);
  }

  private static Iterable<Type> filterUpperBounds(Iterable<Type> bounds) {
    return Iterables.filter(bounds, Predicates.not(Predicates.<Type>equalTo(Object.class)));
  }

  private static void disallowPrimitiveType(Type[] types, String usedAs) {
    for (Type type : types) {
      if (type instanceof Class) {

  }

  private static Type[] toArray(Collection<Type> types) {
    return types.toArray(new Type[0]);
  }

  private static Iterable<Type> filterUpperBounds(Iterable<Type> bounds) {
    return Iterables.filter(bounds, Predicates.not(Predicates.<Type>equalTo(Object.class)));
  }

  private static void disallowPrimitiveType(Type[] types, String usedAs) {
    for (Type type : types) {
      if (type instanceof Class) {

<img src="/img/python-types/image04.png">

Now you know that you have to fix it, convert `age` to a string with `str(age)`:

{* ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial004.py hl[2] *}

## Declaring types { #declaring-types }

You just saw the main place to declare type hints. As function parameters.

This is also the main place you would use them with **FastAPI**.

### Simple types { #simple-types }

which fails if the config file contains duplicate or unknown fields. This protects against accidentally running with config files that are malformed, mis-indented, or have typos in field names, and getting unexpected behavior. When `--encryption-provider-config-automatic-reload` is used, new encryption config files that contain typos after the kube-apiserver is running are treated as invalid and the last valid config is used. ([#124912](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/124912), [@enj](h...

توی همون نقطه، سعی می‌کنی تکمیل خودکار رو با `Ctrl+Space` فعال کنی و اینو می‌بینی:

<img src="/img/python-types/image02.png">

با این، می‌تونی اسکرول کنی، گزینه‌ها رو ببینی، تا وقتی که اون چیزی که "به نظرت آشنا میاد" رو پیدا کنی:

<img src="/img/python-types/image03.png">

## انگیزه بیشتر

این تابع رو چک کن، الان نوع‌نما داره:

{* ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial003.py hl[1] *}

Up to now, you have been using common data types, like:

* `int`
* `float`
* `str`
* `bool`

But you can also use more complex data types.

And you will still have the same features as seen up to now:

* Great editor support.
* Data conversion from incoming requests.
* Data conversion for response data.
* Data validation.
* Automatic annotation and documentation.