*
   * @param scale the scale for the quantiles to be calculated, i.e. the q of the q-quantiles, which
   *     must be positive
   */
  public static Scale scale(int scale) {
    return new Scale(scale);
  }

  /**
   * Describes the point in a fluent API chain where only the scale (i.e. the q in q-quantiles) has
   * been specified.
   *
   * @since 20.0
   */
  public static final class Scale {

    // Add small multiples of MIN_VALUE and MIN_NORMAL
    for (int scale = 1; scale <= 4; scale++) {
      for (double d : Doubles.asList(Double.MIN_VALUE, Double.MIN_NORMAL)) {
        fractionalBuilder.add(d * scale).add(-d * scale);
      }
    }
    for (int i = Double.MIN_EXPONENT; i <= Double.MAX_EXPONENT; i++) {
      for (int direction : new int[] {1, -1}) {

   * output.
   *
   * <p>This escaper does not treat surrogate pairs specially and does not perform Unicode
   * validation on its input.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("EscapedEntity") // We do mean for the user to see &#x9;" etc.
  public static Escaper xmlAttributeEscaper() {
    return XML_ATTRIBUTE_ESCAPER;
  }

  private static final Escaper XML_ESCAPER;
  private static final Escaper XML_CONTENT_ESCAPER;

    Escaper escaper = Escapers.builder().setSafeRange('a', 'z').build();
    assertThat(escaper.escape("The Quick Brown Fox")).isEqualTo("The Quick Brown Fox");
  }

  public void testBuilderInitialStateNoneUnsafe() {
    // No characters are unsafe by default (safeMin == 0, safeMax == 0xFFFF).
    Escaper escaper = Escapers.builder().setUnsafeReplacement("X").build();

 *
 * <p>{@code CharSink} provides two kinds of methods:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li><b>Methods that return a writer:</b> These methods should return a <i>new</i>, independent
 *       instance each time they are called. The caller is responsible for ensuring that the
 *       returned writer is closed.
 *   <li><b>Convenience methods:</b> These are implementations of common operations that are

  /**
   * The number of other exception types in the cache of known-good exceptions and the number of
   * other {@code ClassValue} entries for the exception type to be tested. This lets us evaluate
   * whether our solution scales to use with multiple exception types and to whether it is affected
   * by other {@code ClassValue} users. Some of the benchmarked implementations don't use one or
   * both of these mechanisms, so they will be unaffected.
   */

/**
 * Tests for {@link PercentEscaper}.
 *
 * @author David Beaumont
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullUnmarked
public class PercentEscaperTest extends TestCase {

  /** Tests that the simple escaper treats 0-9, a-z and A-Z as safe */
  public void testSimpleEscaper() {
    UnicodeEscaper e = new PercentEscaper("", false);
    for (char c = 0; c < 128; c++) {

   * would declare a return type of `@Nullable T[]`. However, we've decided not to think too hard
   * about arrays for now, as they're a mess. (We previously discussed this in the review of
   * ObjectArrays, which is the main caller of this method.)
   */
  static <T extends @Nullable Object> T[] newArray(T[] reference, int length) {
    T[] empty = reference.length == 0 ? reference : Arrays.copyOf(reference, 0);
    return Arrays.copyOf(empty, length);

        // Should handle ClassNotFoundException gracefully
        customHook.hook(assistantDirector);

        // Verify no exception is thrown to the caller
        assertTrue(true);
    }

    // Test shutdownCommonsHttpClient private method with reflection
    public void test_shutdownCommonsHttpClient_reflection() throws Exception {

   * elements than the collection), the element in the array immediately following the end of the
   * collection is set to {@code null}. This is useful in determining the length of the collection
   * <i>only</i> if the caller knows that the collection does not contain any null elements.
   *
   * <p>This method returns the elements in the order they are returned by the collection's
   * iterator.
   *