db = scope(db)
	}
	return db
}

// Preload preload associations with given conditions
//
//	// get all users, and preload all non-cancelled orders
//	db.Preload("Orders", "state NOT IN (?)", "cancelled").Find(&users)
func (db *DB) Preload(query string, args ...interface{}) (tx *DB) {
	tx = db.getInstance()
	if tx.Statement.Preloads == nil {
		tx.Statement.Preloads = map[string][]interface{}{}
	}

		t.Fatalf("errors happened when create: %v", err)
	}

	CheckUser(t, user, user)

	var user2 User
	DB.Preload("Account").Preload("Pets").Preload("Toys").Preload("Company").Preload("Manager").Preload("Team").Preload("Languages").Preload("Friends").Find(&user2, "id = ?", user.ID)
	CheckUser(t, user2, user)
}

func TestBulkCreateWithAssociations(t *testing.T) {
	users := []User{

	result, err := db.Preload("Company", nil).Preload("Pets", nil).Where("name = ?", u.Name).First(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Preload failed: %v", err)
	}

	if result.Name != u.Name || result.Company.Name != u.Company.Name || len(result.Pets) != len(u.Pets) {
		t.Fatalf("Preload expected %s, got %+v", u.Name, result)
	}

	results, err := db.Preload("Company", func(db gorm.PreloadBuilder) error {

	DB.Model(&blog).Association("Tags").Find(&tags)
	if !compareTags(tags, []string{"tag1", "tag2", "tag3"}) {
		t.Fatalf("Should find 3 tags")
	}

	var blog1 Blog
	DB.Preload("Tags").Find(&blog1)
	if !compareTags(blog1.Tags, []string{"tag1", "tag2", "tag3"}) {
		t.Fatalf("Preload many2many relations")
	}

	// Replace
	tag5 := &Tag{Locale: "ZH", Value: "tag5"}
	tag6 := &Tag{Locale: "ZH", Value: "tag6"}

	result.Friends = user2.Friends

	DB.Select("Name", "Account", "Toys", "Manager", "ManagerID", "Languages").Save(&result)

	var result2 User
	DB.Preload("Account").Preload("Pets").Preload("Toys").Preload("Company").Preload("Manager").Preload("Team").Preload("Languages").Preload("Friends").First(&result2, user.ID)

	result.Languages = append(user.Languages, result.Languages...)
	result.Toys = append(user.Toys, result.Toys...)

func TestAssociationError(t *testing.T) {
	user := *GetUser("TestAssociationError", Config{Pets: 2, Company: true, Account: true, Languages: 2})
	DB.Create(&user)

	var user1 User
	DB.Preload("Company").Preload("Pets").Preload("Account").Preload("Languages").First(&user1)

	var emptyUser User
	var err error
	// belongs to
	err = DB.Model(&emptyUser).Association("Company").Delete(&user1.Company)

    }

    /**
     * Returns the preload size for charset detection.
     * @return The preload size for charset detection.
     */
    public int getPreloadSizeForCharset() {
        return preloadSizeForCharset;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the preload size for charset detection.
     * @param preloadSizeForCharset The preload size for charset detection to set.
     */

	if rows != 0 {
		t.Fatalf("expected 0 rows affected for association-only update, got %d", rows)
	}

	// Verify both associations were updated using real database queries
	var updatedUser User
	if err := DB.Preload("Pets").Preload("Toys").Where("id = ?", user.ID).First(&updatedUser).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to find updated user: %v", err)
	}

	if len(updatedUser.Pets) != 2 {

		Preload("Toys", func(db *gorm.DB) *gorm.DB {
			return db.Table("toys").Select("name")
		}).Count(&count12).Error; err == nil {
		t.Errorf("error should raise when using preload without schema")
	}

	var count13 int64
	if err := DB.Model(User{}).
		Where("name in ?", []string{user1.Name, user2.Name, user3.Name}).
		Preload("Toys", func(db *gorm.DB) *gorm.DB {

## Overview

* Full-Featured ORM
* Associations (Has One, Has Many, Belongs To, Many To Many, Polymorphism, Single-table inheritance)
* Hooks (Before/After Create/Save/Update/Delete/Find)
* Eager loading with `Preload`, `Joins`
* Transactions, Nested Transactions, Save Point, RollbackTo to Saved Point
* Context, Prepared Statement Mode, DryRun Mode
* Batch Insert, FindInBatches, Find To Map