.setExpectation(-Math.pow(2, 53), DOWN, CEILING, HALF_DOWN, HALF_EVEN)
        .setExpectation(nextDown(-Math.pow(2, 53)), FLOOR, UP, HALF_UP)
        .roundUnnecessaryShouldThrow()
        .test();
  }

  public void testRoundToDouble_negativeTwoToThe54MinusOne() {
    new RoundToDoubleTester(BigDecimal.valueOf((-1L << 54) - 1))
        .setExpectation(-Math.pow(2, 54), DOWN, CEILING, HALF_DOWN, HALF_UP, HALF_EVEN)

        .setExpectation(-Math.pow(2, 53), DOWN, CEILING, HALF_DOWN, HALF_EVEN)
        .setExpectation(nextDown(-Math.pow(2, 53)), FLOOR, UP, HALF_UP)
        .roundUnnecessaryShouldThrow()
        .test();
  }

  public void testRoundToDouble_negativeTwoToThe54MinusOne() {
    new RoundToDoubleTester(BigDecimal.valueOf((-1L << 54) - 1))
        .setExpectation(-Math.pow(2, 54), DOWN, CEILING, HALF_DOWN, HALF_UP, HALF_EVEN)

      BigInteger x2 = x.pow(2);
      // x^2 < 10^(2 * result + 1), or else we would have rounded up
      assertThat(TEN.pow(2 * result + 1)).isGreaterThan(x2);
      // x^2 >= 10^(2 * result - 1), or else we would have rounded down
      assertTrue(result == 0 || TEN.pow(2 * result - 1).compareTo(x2) <= 0);
    }
  }

  @GwtIncompatible // TODO
  public void testLog10HalfDown() {

  static final ImmutableList<RoundingMode> ALL_SAFE_ROUNDING_MODES =
      ImmutableList.of(DOWN, UP, FLOOR, CEILING, HALF_EVEN, HALF_UP, HALF_DOWN);

  // Exponents to test for the pow() function.
  static final ImmutableList<Integer> EXPONENTS =
      ImmutableList.of(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 40, 70);

  /*

   * {@code BigInteger.valueOf(b).pow(k).intValue()}. This implementation runs in {@code O(log k)}
   * time.
   *
   * <p>Compare {@link #checkedPow}, which throws an {@link ArithmeticException} upon overflow.
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code k < 0}
   */
  @GwtIncompatible // failing tests
  public static int pow(int b, int k) {
    checkNonNegative("exponent", k);

      if (d >= 1.0) {
        assertTrue(log2 >= 0);
        assertTrue(StrictMath.pow(2.0, log2) <= d);
        assertTrue(StrictMath.pow(2.0, log2 + 1) > d);
      } else {
        assertTrue(log2 <= 0);
        assertTrue(StrictMath.pow(2.0, log2) >= d);
        assertTrue(StrictMath.pow(2.0, log2 - 1) < d);
      }
    }
  }

      if (d >= 1.0) {
        assertTrue(log2 >= 0);
        assertTrue(StrictMath.pow(2.0, log2) <= d);
        assertTrue(StrictMath.pow(2.0, log2 + 1) > d);
      } else {
        assertTrue(log2 <= 0);
        assertTrue(StrictMath.pow(2.0, log2) >= d);
        assertTrue(StrictMath.pow(2.0, log2 - 1) < d);
      }
    }
  }

   * Returns {@code b} to the {@code k}th power. Even if the result overflows, it will be equal to
   * {@code BigInteger.valueOf(b).pow(k).longValue()}. This implementation runs in {@code O(log k)}
   * time.
   *
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code k < 0}
   */
  @GwtIncompatible // TODO
  public static long pow(long b, int k) {
    checkNonNegative("exponent", k);
    if (-2 <= b && b <= 2) {
      switch ((int) b) {

  // 18,304
  private static final long EXPECTED_TWO_BYTE_ROUNDTRIPPABLE_COUNT =
      // Both bytes are one byte characters
      (long) Math.pow(EXPECTED_ONE_BYTE_ROUNDTRIPPABLE_COUNT, 2)
          +
          // The possible number of two byte characters
          TWO_BYTE_ROUNDTRIPPABLE_CHARACTERS;

  // 2048

   * degenerating it.
   *
   * @since 14.0 (since 11.0 as expectedFalsePositiveProbability())
   */
  public double expectedFpp() {
    return Math.pow((double) bits.bitCount() / bitSize(), numHashFunctions);
  }

  /**
   * Returns an estimate for the total number of distinct elements that have been added to this