*
   * @param url the URL to read from
   * @param charset the charset used to decode the input stream; see {@link StandardCharsets} for
   *     helpful predefined constants
   * @return a string containing all the characters from the URL
   * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
   */
  public static String toString(URL url, Charset charset) throws IOException {

   * java.nio.file.Files#newBufferedReader(java.nio.file.Path, Charset)}.
   *
   * @param file the file to read from
   * @param charset the charset used to decode the input stream; see {@link StandardCharsets} for
   *     helpful predefined constants
   * @return the buffered reader
   */
  public static BufferedReader newReader(File file, Charset charset) throws FileNotFoundException {
    checkNotNull(file);
    checkNotNull(charset);

   * java.nio.file.Files#newBufferedReader(java.nio.file.Path, Charset)}.
   *
   * @param file the file to read from
   * @param charset the charset used to decode the input stream; see {@link StandardCharsets} for
   *     helpful predefined constants
   * @return the buffered reader
   */
  public static BufferedReader newReader(File file, Charset charset) throws FileNotFoundException {
    checkNotNull(file);
    checkNotNull(charset);

    steps:
    - name: Checkout code
      uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
      with:
        ref: ${{ github.event.inputs.release_branch }}
    - name: Get some helpful info for formatting
      id: cherrypick
      run: |
          git config --global user.name "TensorFlow Release Automation"
          git config --global user.email "******@****.***"
          git fetch origin master

[guava.dev/ImmutableList](https://guava.dev/ImmutableList)!

## Learn about Guava

-   Our users' guide, [Guava Explained]
-   [A nice collection](https://www.tfnico.com/presentations/google-guava) of
    other helpful links

## Links

-   [GitHub project](https://github.com/google/guava)
-   [Issue tracker: Report a defect or feature request](https://github.com/google/guava/issues/new)

The same example would then look like:

{* ../../docs_src/dependencies/tutorial004_an_py310.py hl[19] *}

...and **FastAPI** will know what to do.

/// tip

If that seems more confusing than helpful, disregard it, you don't *need* it.

It is just a shortcut. Because **FastAPI** cares about helping you minimize code repetition.

///

You can extend the OpenAPI schema for a *path operation* using the parameter `openapi_extra`.

### OpenAPI Extensions { #openapi-extensions }

This `openapi_extra` can be helpful, for example, to declare [OpenAPI Extensions](https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/main/versions/3.0.3.md#specificationExtensions):

{* ../../docs_src/path_operation_advanced_configuration/tutorial005.py hl[6] *}

internal fun BufferedSource.skipAll() {
  while (!exhausted()) {
    skip(buffer.size)
  }
}

/**
 * Attempts to exhaust this, returning true if successful. This is useful when reading a complete
 * source is helpful, such as when doing so completes a cache body or frees a socket connection for
 * reuse.
 */
internal fun Source.discard(
  timeout: Int,
  timeUnit: TimeUnit,
): Boolean =
  try {

EOF
    while read dep; do
      echo "For dependency $dep:"
      # For every missing dependency, find the tests which directly depend on
      # it, and print that list for debugging. Not really clear if this is
      # helpful since the only examples I've seen are enormous.
      bazel cquery "rdeps(kind(py_test, $(cat $BATS_TEST_TMPDIR/deps)), $dep, 1)"
    done < $BATS_TEST_TMPDIR/missing_deps
    exit 1
  fi
}

/// check

So, with the same Python type declaration, **FastAPI** gives you data validation.

Notice that the error also clearly states exactly the point where the validation didn't pass.

This is incredibly helpful while developing and debugging code that interacts with your API.

///

## Documentation { #documentation }