enumConstantCache = new WeakHashMap<>();

  private static <T extends Enum<T>> Map<String, WeakReference<? extends Enum<?>>> populateCache(
      Class<T> enumClass) {
    Map<String, WeakReference<? extends Enum<?>>> result = new HashMap<>();
    for (T enumInstance : EnumSet.allOf(enumClass)) {
      result.put(enumInstance.name(), new WeakReference<Enum<?>>(enumInstance));

  // Wrapper of EnumMultiset factory methods, because we need to skip create(Class).
  // create(Enum1.class) is equal to create(Enum2.class) but testEquals() expects otherwise.
  // For the same reason, we need to skip create(Iterable, Class).
  private static class EnumMultisetFactory {
    @Keep // used reflectively by testEquals
    public static <E extends Enum<E>> EnumMultiset<E> create(Iterable<E> elements) {
      return EnumMultiset.create(elements);

  // Wrapper of EnumMultiset factory methods, because we need to skip create(Class).
  // create(Enum1.class) is equal to create(Enum2.class) but testEquals() expects otherwise.
  // For the same reason, we need to skip create(Iterable, Class).
  private static class EnumMultisetFactory {
    @Keep // used reflectively by testEquals
    public static <E extends Enum<E>> EnumMultiset<E> create(Iterable<E> elements) {
      return EnumMultiset.create(elements);

          annotationClass.getDeclaringClass(),
          returnType.getComponentType());
    }
  }

  // This is public so that tests for Feature enums we haven't yet imagined
  // can reuse it.
  public static <E extends Enum<?> & Feature<?>> void assertGoodFeatureEnum(
      Class<E> featureEnumClass) {
    Class<?>[] classes = featureEnumClass.getDeclaredClasses();
    for (Class<?> containedClass : classes) {

### Erstellen Sie eine `Enum`-Klasse

Importieren Sie `Enum` und erstellen Sie eine Unterklasse, die von `str` und `Enum` erbt.

Indem Sie von `str` erben, weiß die API Dokumentation, dass die Werte des Enums vom Typ `str` sein müssen, und wird in der Lage sein, korrekt zu rendern.

          annotationClass.getDeclaringClass(),
          returnType.getComponentType());
    }
  }

  // This is public so that tests for Feature enums we haven't yet imagined
  // can reuse it.
  public static <E extends Enum<?> & Feature<?>> void assertGoodFeatureEnum(
      Class<E> featureEnumClass) {
    Class<?>[] classes = featureEnumClass.getDeclaredClasses();
    for (Class<?> containedClass : classes) {

  }

  static <T extends Enum<T>> Optional<T> getEnumIfPresent(Class<T> enumClass, String value) {
    WeakReference<? extends Enum<?>> ref = Enums.getEnumConstants(enumClass).get(value);
    /*
     * We use `fromNullable` instead of `of` because `WeakReference.get()` has a nullable return
     * type.
     *
     * In practice, we are very unlikely to see `null`: The `WeakReference` to the enum constant

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Utility class for creating extensible enum implementations.
 * This class provides factory methods for creating instances of extensible enums
 * such as Language, PathScope, and ProjectScope.
 *
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
abstract class ExtensibleEnums {

    /**

<img src="/img/tutorial/path-operation-configuration/image01.png">

### Tags with Enums { #tags-with-enums }

If you have a big application, you might end up accumulating **several tags**, and you would want to make sure you always use the **same tag** for related *path operations*.

In these cases, it could make sense to store the tags in an `Enum`.

**FastAPI** supports that the same way as with plain strings:

### Create an `Enum` class { #create-an-enum-class }

Import `Enum` and create a sub-class that inherits from `str` and from `Enum`.

By inheriting from `str` the API docs will be able to know that the values must be of type `string` and will be able to render correctly.