void testConstructorWithStringInvalidCharacter() {
            // Arrange
            String invalidUuid = "00112233-4455-6677-8899-AABBCCDDEXX"; // 'X' is invalid

            // Act & Assert
            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new UUID(invalidUuid),
                    "Should throw IllegalArgumentException for invalid character in UUID string");

    void testConstructorWithNullHttpRequest(@Mock Principal mockPrincipal) {
        // HttpServletRequestWrapper throws IllegalArgumentException for null request
        IllegalArgumentException ex = assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new NtlmHttpServletRequest(null, mockPrincipal));
        assertEquals("Request cannot be null", ex.getMessage());
    }

    @Test

            }

        } catch (final Exception e) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("failed to build synonyms", e);
        }
    }

    private Reader getReader(final boolean reload) throws IOException {
        if (reload) {
            if (reloadableFile == null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("reloadableFile is null.");
            }

        // Test that invalid valueOf throws exception
        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
            WitnessServiceType.valueOf("INVALID_TYPE");
        });

        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
            WitnessVersion.valueOf("INVALID_VERSION");
        });

        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
            WitnessEventType.valueOf("INVALID_EVENT");

        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should create exception with root cause")
        void testConstructorWithRootCause() {
            Exception rootCause = new IllegalArgumentException("Root cause exception");
            TransportException exception = new TransportException(rootCause);

            assertNotNull(exception);
            assertNull(exception.getMessage());

              e -> e instanceof ConcurrentModificationException)
          .put(ExecutionException.class, e -> e instanceof ExecutionException)
          .put(IllegalArgumentException.class, e -> e instanceof IllegalArgumentException)
          .put(IllegalStateException.class, e -> e instanceof IllegalStateException)
          .put(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, e -> e instanceof IndexOutOfBoundsException)

    }

    @Test
    void testMapInformationLevelWithInvalidLevel() {
        // Test invalid information level
        IllegalArgumentException exception =
                assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Trans2QueryPathInformation.mapInformationLevel(999));
        assertTrue(exception.getMessage().contains("Unsupported information level"));
    }

    @Test

    @DisplayName("Test invalid configuration")
    void testInvalidConfiguration() {
        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new SimpleCircuitBreaker("invalid", 0, 2, 100));
        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new SimpleCircuitBreaker("invalid", 3, 0, 100));
        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new SimpleCircuitBreaker("invalid", 3, 2, -1));
    }

    @Test

        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> InputValidator.validateArrayBounds(null, 0, dst, 0, 10));
        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> InputValidator.validateArrayBounds(src, 0, null, 0, 10));
        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> InputValidator.validateArrayBounds(src, -1, dst, 0, 10));

     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if size is invalid
     */
    public static void validateBufferSize(int size, int maxSize, String fieldName) {
        if (size < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(fieldName + " size cannot be negative: " + size);
        }
        if (size > maxSize) {