int dummy = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      dummy += charSequenceToUpperCase(string).length();
    }
    return dummy;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int stringToUpperCase(int reps) {
    String string = noWorkToDo ? testString.toUpperCase(Locale.US) : testString;

    int dummy = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      dummy += string.toUpperCase(Locale.US).length();
    }

    int dummy = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      dummy += charSequenceToUpperCase(string).length();
    }
    return dummy;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int stringToUpperCase(int reps) {
    String string = noWorkToDo ? testString.toUpperCase(Locale.US) : testString;

    int dummy = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < reps; i++) {
      dummy += string.toUpperCase(Locale.US).length();
    }