Our codebase uses `null` extensively to represent an absence of value or optionality of the argument.
We utilize nullness annotations in Java code and somewhat rely on IDE warnings to guide us.
However, the Java code we have is not fully annotated, which causes several consequences:
* IDE warnings can be misleading
* Redundant null checks may increase binary size, hurt performance, and increase cognitive load for readers

import warnings

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning
from fastapi.responses import ORJSONResponse
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from sqlalchemy.sql.elements import quoted_name

with warnings.catch_warnings():
    warnings.simplefilter("ignore", FastAPIDeprecationWarning)
    app = FastAPI(default_response_class=ORJSONResponse)


@app.get("/orjson_non_str_keys")

import warnings

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning
from fastapi.responses import ORJSONResponse, UJSONResponse
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float


# ORJSON


def _make_orjson_app() -> FastAPI:
    with warnings.catch_warnings():

import sys
import warnings

import pytest

from tests.utils import skip_module_if_py_gte_314

if sys.version_info >= (3, 14):
    skip_module_if_py_gte_314()

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.exceptions import PydanticV1NotSupportedError

with warnings.catch_warnings():
    warnings.simplefilter("ignore", UserWarning)
    from pydantic.v1 import BaseModel


def test_raises_pydantic_v1_model_in_endpoint_param() -> None:

]
docs = [
    { include-group = "docs-tests" },
    "black >=25.1.0",
    "cairosvg >=2.8.2",
    # for MkDocs live reload
    "click==8.2.1",
    "griffe-typingdoc >=0.3.0",
    "griffe-warnings-deprecated >=1.1.0",
    "jieba >=0.42.1",
    "markdown-include-variants >=0.0.8",
    "mdx-include >=1.4.1,<2.0.0",
    "mkdocs-macros-plugin >=1.5.0",
    "mkdocs-material >=9.7.0",

   * }
   *
   * <p>When selecting an executor, note that {@code directExecutor} is dangerous in some cases. See
   * the discussion in the {@link #addListener} documentation. All its warnings about heavyweight
   * listeners are also applicable to heavyweight functions passed to this method.
   *
   * <p>This method is similar to {@link java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture#exceptionally}. It

   * relying on this, as we have made incompatible changes to serialized forms in the past and
   * expect to do so again, as discussed in https://github.com/google/guava#important-warnings.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("unused")
  private static final class SerializedForm<V> implements Serializable {
    final ImmutableMap<?, V> map;

    SerializedForm(ImmutableMap<?, V> map) {

import re
import warnings
from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Any,
    Literal,
)

import fastapi
from fastapi._compat import (
    ModelField,
    PydanticSchemaGenerationError,
    Undefined,
    annotation_is_pydantic_v1,
)
from fastapi.datastructures import DefaultPlaceholder, DefaultType
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning, PydanticV1NotSupportedError
from pydantic.fields import FieldInfo

    )


def is_pydantic_v1_model_instance(obj: Any) -> bool:
    # TODO: remove this function once the required version of Pydantic fully
    # removes pydantic.v1
    try:
        with warnings.catch_warnings():
            warnings.simplefilter("ignore", UserWarning)
            from pydantic import v1
    except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
        return False
    return isinstance(obj, v1.BaseModel)

    assert jsonable_encoder(subclass_model) == {"dt_field": "2019-01-01T08:00:00+00:00"}


def test_json_encoder_error_with_pydanticv1():
    with warnings.catch_warnings():
        warnings.simplefilter("ignore", UserWarning)
        from pydantic import v1

    class ModelV1(v1.BaseModel):
        name: str

    data = ModelV1(name="test")