assertTrue(endLatch.await(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS), "All threads should complete within timeout");
        executor.shutdown();

        // Then - Verify no exceptions occurred
        if (!exceptions.isEmpty()) {
            fail("Concurrent operations caused exceptions: " + exceptions.get(0));
        }

        assertEquals(threadCount * opsPerThread, successCount.get(), "All operations should succeed");
    }

    /**

        System.out.printf("  Avg tree operation time: %.2f ns%n", avgOpTimeNs);

        // Verify thread safety and performance
        assertTrue(exceptions.isEmpty(), "No exceptions should occur with thread-safe collections: " + exceptions);
        assertEquals(threadCount * operationsPerThread, treeOperations.get());
        assertTrue(avgOpTimeNs < 100000, "Tree operations should be reasonable with CopyOnWriteArrayList");

    }
    return Collections.unmodifiableList(causes);
  }

  /**
   * Returns {@code throwable}'s cause, cast to {@code expectedCauseType}.
   *
   * <p>Prefer this method instead of manually casting an exception's cause. For example, {@code
   * (IOException) e.getCause()} throws a {@link ClassCastException} that discards the original
   * exception {@code e} if the cause is not an {@link IOException}, but {@code

                            }
                        }
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        synchronized (exceptions) {
                            exceptions.add(e);
                        }
                    }
                }
            });
        }

        // Start all threads
        for (Thread thread : threads) {

                        successCount.incrementAndGet();
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    synchronized (exceptions) {
                        exceptions.add(e);
                    }
                } finally {
                    endLatch.countDown();
                }
            });
        }

        // Start all threads

    PLATFORM {
      @GwtIncompatible
      @J2ktIncompatible
      @Override
      // returns the types available in "normal" environments
      ImmutableMap<Class<? extends Throwable>, Predicate<Throwable>> exceptions() {
        return ImmutableMap.of(
            InvocationTargetException.class,
            e -> e instanceof InvocationTargetException,
            StackOverflowError.class,

    PLATFORM {
      @GwtIncompatible
      @J2ktIncompatible
      @Override
      // returns the types available in "normal" environments
      ImmutableMap<Class<? extends Throwable>, Predicate<Throwable>> exceptions() {
        return ImmutableMap.of(
            InvocationTargetException.class,
            e -> e instanceof InvocationTargetException,
            StackOverflowError.class,

    PLATFORM {
      @GwtIncompatible
      @J2ktIncompatible
      @Override
      // returns the types available in "normal" environments
      ImmutableMap<Class<? extends Throwable>, Predicate<Throwable>> exceptions() {
        return ImmutableMap.of(
            InvocationTargetException.class,
            e -> e instanceof InvocationTargetException,
            StackOverflowError.class,

### Exception Handling
```java
import org.codelibs.core.exception.*;

// Runtime exception wrappers eliminate try-catch boilerplate
try {
    // Code that might throw checked exceptions
    return ClassUtil.newInstance(className); // Wraps checked exceptions automatically
} catch (ClassNotFoundRuntimeException e) {
    // Handle the wrapped exception
    logger.error("Class not found: " + className, e);
}
```

    PLATFORM {
      @GwtIncompatible
      @J2ktIncompatible
      @Override
      // returns the types available in "normal" environments
      ImmutableMap<Class<? extends Throwable>, Predicate<Throwable>> exceptions() {
        return ImmutableMap.of(
            InvocationTargetException.class,
            e -> e instanceof InvocationTargetException,
            StackOverflowError.class,