# ADR-0009 - Use American English

## Status

- ACCEPTED on 2025-11-24

## Context

Gradle is an international open-source project with contributors from around the world. English is the primary language for code, comments, documentation, and communication, but there are variations in English spelling and terminology, specifically American English vs. British English.

Inconsistency in spelling conventions can lead to several issues:

    @Test
    public void test_matchLocale() {
        assertFalse(labelTypeHelper.matchLocale(Locale.ENGLISH, Locale.JAPANESE));
        assertFalse(labelTypeHelper.matchLocale(Locale.SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE, Locale.TRADITIONAL_CHINESE));

        assertTrue(labelTypeHelper.matchLocale(null, Locale.ROOT));
        assertTrue(labelTypeHelper.matchLocale(Locale.ENGLISH, Locale.ROOT));
        assertTrue(labelTypeHelper.matchLocale(Locale.ROOT, Locale.ROOT));

* For new features, the feature should be mentioned in the [Release Notes](platforms/documentation/docs/src/docs/release/notes.md).
* Use American English spelling in code, comments, and documentation (e.g., "color" not "colour", "initialize" not "initialise"). See [ADR-0009](architecture/standards/0009-use-american-english.md) for details.

    }

    @Test
    public void test_determineAlias_returnsEmpty() {
        // Test with various locales
        OptionalThing<String> result = provider.determineAlias(Locale.ENGLISH);
        assertFalse(result.isPresent());

        result = provider.determineAlias(Locale.JAPANESE);
        assertFalse(result.isPresent());

        result = provider.determineAlias(Locale.GERMAN);

                return StringUtil.EMPTY;
            }
        });
        getMockRequest().setLocale(Locale.ENGLISH);
        assertNull(systemHelper.getForumLink());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_getHelpLink() {
        getMockRequest().setLocale(Locale.ENGLISH);
        assertEquals("https://fess.codelibs.org/98.76/admin/xxx-guide.html", systemHelper.getHelpLink("xxx"));

          "type": "pattern_replace",
          "pattern":"(.*)",
          "replacement":""
        }
      },
      "filter": {
        "stemmer_en_filter": {
          "type": "stemmer",
          "name": "english"
        },
        "english_override": {
          "type":       "stemmer_override",
          "rules_path": "${fess.dictionary.path}en/stemmer_override.txt"
        },
        "possessive_stemmer_en_filter": {

    }

    @Test
    public void test_detectLanguage_withoutDetector() {
        // Without a real detector, this would cause NullPointerException
        try {
            languageHelper.detectLanguage("This is English text");
            fail("Should throw NullPointerException without detector");
        } catch (NullPointerException e) {
            // Expected
        }
    }

    @Test

            return null;
        }

        final String localeName = value.trim().toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH).replace("-", "_");

        for (final String supportedLang : supportedLanguages) {
            if (localeName.startsWith(supportedLang.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH))) {
                return supportedLang;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**

        int startPosition = 0;
        int pageSize = 10;
        int offset = 0;
        String[] extraQueries = new String[0];
        Map<String, Object> attributes = new HashMap<>();
        Locale locale = Locale.ENGLISH;
        SearchRequestType type = SearchRequestType.SEARCH;
        String similarDocHash = "";

        @Override
        public String getQuery() {
            return query;
        }

            validationMessagesLambda.message(messages);
            message = ComponentUtil.getMessageManager()
                    .toMessageList(LaRequestUtil.getOptionalRequest().map(HttpServletRequest::getLocale).orElse(Locale.ENGLISH), messages)
                    .stream()
                    .collect(Collectors.joining(" "));
            return this;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Represents an API response for plugin information.