assertCrc(0, new byte[0]);
  }

  public void testZeros() {
    // Test 32 byte array of 0x00.
    byte[] zeros = new byte[32];
    assertCrc(0x8a9136aa, zeros);
  }

  public void testZeros100() {
    // Test 100 byte array of 0x00.
    byte[] zeros = new byte[100];
    assertCrc(0x07cb9ff6, zeros);
  }

  public void testFull() {
    // Test 32 byte array of 0xFF.
    byte[] fulls = new byte[32];

  static {
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    String zeros =
        "0\u0660\u06f0\u07c0\u0966\u09e6\u0a66\u0ae6\u0b66\u0be6\u0c66"
            + "\u0ce6\u0d66\u0e50\u0ed0\u0f20\u1040\u1090\u17e0\u1810\u1946"
            + "\u19d0\u1b50\u1bb0\u1c40\u1c50\ua620\ua8d0\ua900\uaa50\uff10";
    for (char base : zeros.toCharArray()) {
      for (int offset = 0; offset < 10; offset++) {

  public void testShort() {
    Sink sink = new Sink(4);
    sink.putShort((short) 0x0201);
    HashCode unused = sink.hash();
    sink.assertInvariants(2);
    sink.assertBytes(new byte[] {1, 2, 0, 0}); // padded with zeros
  }

  public void testInt() {
    Sink sink = new Sink(4);
    sink.putInt(0x04030201);
    HashCode unused = sink.hash();
    sink.assertInvariants(4);
    sink.assertBytes(new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4});
  }

  public void testShort() {
    Sink sink = new Sink(4);
    sink.putShort((short) 0x0201);
    HashCode unused = sink.hash();
    sink.assertInvariants(2);
    sink.assertBytes(new byte[] {1, 2, 0, 0}); // padded with zeros
  }

  public void testInt() {
    Sink sink = new Sink(4);
    sink.putInt(0x04030201);
    HashCode unused = sink.hash();
    sink.assertInvariants(4);
    sink.assertBytes(new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4});
  }

    assertThat(Adapters.INTEGER_AS_LONG.fromDer(bytes)).isEqualTo(-549755813887L)
    assertThat(Adapters.INTEGER_AS_LONG.toDer(-549755813887L)).isEqualTo(bytes)
  }

  @Test fun `eight zeros`() {
    val bytes = "020200ff".decodeHex()
    assertThat(Adapters.INTEGER_AS_LONG.fromDer(bytes)).isEqualTo(255)
    assertThat(Adapters.INTEGER_AS_LONG.toDer(255)).isEqualTo(bytes)
  }

  /**
   * This is invoked for the last bytes of the input, which are not enough to fill a whole chunk.
   * The passed {@code ByteBuffer} is guaranteed to be non-empty.
   *
   * <p>This implementation simply pads with zeros and delegates to {@link #process(ByteBuffer)}.
   */
  protected void processRemaining(ByteBuffer bb) {
    Java8Compatibility.position(bb, bb.limit()); // move at the end

  static long load64Safely(byte[] input, int offset, int length) {
    long result = 0;
    // Due to the way we shift, we can stop iterating once we've run out of data, the rest
    // of the result already being filled with zeros.

    // This loop is critical to performance, so please check HashBenchmark if altering it.
    int limit = min(length, 8);
    for (int i = 0; i < limit; i++) {

 * @author Gregory Kick
 * @since 7.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class Ascii {

  private Ascii() {}

  /* The ASCII control characters, per RFC 20. */
  /**
   * Null ('\0'): The all-zeros character which may serve to accomplish time fill and media fill.
   * Normally used as a C string terminator.
   *
   * <p>Although RFC 20 names this as "Null", note that it is distinct from the C/C++ "NULL"
   * pointer.

   * @return the count of the element before the operation; possibly zero
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code count} is negative
   * @throws NullPointerException if {@code element} is null and this implementation does not permit
   *     null elements. Note that if {@code count} is zero, the implementor may optionally return
   *     zero instead.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue

   * @return the count of the element before the operation; possibly zero
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code count} is negative
   * @throws NullPointerException if {@code element} is null and this implementation does not permit
   *     null elements. Note that if {@code count} is zero, the implementor may optionally return
   *     zero instead.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue