this.axes = axes;
    int[] axesSizeProduct = new int[axes.size() + 1];
    axesSizeProduct[axes.size()] = 1;
    try {
      for (int i = axes.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        axesSizeProduct[i] = IntMath.checkedMultiply(axesSizeProduct[i + 1], axes.get(i).size());
      }
    } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
          "Cartesian product too large; must have size at most Integer.MAX_VALUE");

     */
    if (leadingZeros > Long.SIZE + 1) {
      return a * b;
    }
    checkNoOverflow(leadingZeros >= Long.SIZE, "checkedMultiply", a, b);
    checkNoOverflow(a >= 0 | b != Long.MIN_VALUE, "checkedMultiply", a, b);
    long result = a * b;
    checkNoOverflow(a == 0 || result / a == b, "checkedMultiply", a, b);
    return result;
  }

  /**

     */
    if (leadingZeros > Long.SIZE + 1) {
      return a * b;
    }
    checkNoOverflow(leadingZeros >= Long.SIZE, "checkedMultiply", a, b);
    checkNoOverflow(a >= 0 | b != Long.MIN_VALUE, "checkedMultiply", a, b);
    long result = a * b;
    checkNoOverflow(a == 0 || result / a == b, "checkedMultiply", a, b);
    return result;
  }

  /**

        boolean expectedSuccess = fitsInLong(expectedResult);
        try {
          assertEquals(a * b, LongMath.checkedMultiply(a, b));
          assertTrue(expectedSuccess);
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
          if (expectedSuccess) {
            failFormat(
                "expected checkedMultiply(%s, %s) = %s; got ArithmeticException",
                a, b, expectedResult);
          }
        }
      }

    this.axes = axes;
    int[] axesSizeProduct = new int[axes.size() + 1];
    axesSizeProduct[axes.size()] = 1;
    try {
      for (int i = axes.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        axesSizeProduct[i] = IntMath.checkedMultiply(axesSizeProduct[i + 1], axes.get(i).size());
      }
    } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
          "Cartesian product too large; must have size at most Integer.MAX_VALUE");

    this.k = k;
    checkArgument(k >= 0, "k (%s) must be >= 0", k);
    checkArgument(k <= Integer.MAX_VALUE / 2, "k (%s) must be <= Integer.MAX_VALUE / 2", k);
    this.buffer = (T[]) new Object[IntMath.checkedMultiply(k, 2)];
    this.bufferSize = 0;
    this.threshold = null;
  }

  /**
   * Adds {@code elem} as a candidate for the top {@code k} elements. This operation takes amortized
   * O(1) time.
   */

        BigInteger expectedResult = valueOf(a).multiply(valueOf(b));
        boolean expectedSuccess = fitsInInt(expectedResult);
        try {
          assertEquals(a * b, IntMath.checkedMultiply(a, b));
          assertTrue(expectedSuccess);
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
          assertFalse(expectedSuccess);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  public void testCheckedPow() {

  private int calculateNewCapacity() {
    int oldCapacity = queue.length;
    int newCapacity =
        (oldCapacity < 64) ? (oldCapacity + 1) * 2 : IntMath.checkedMultiply(oldCapacity / 2, 3);
    return capAtMaximumSize(newCapacity, maximumSize);
  }

  /** There's no reason for the queueSize to ever be more than maxSize + 1 */

        BigInteger expectedResult = valueOf(a).multiply(valueOf(b));
        boolean expectedSuccess = fitsInInt(expectedResult);
        try {
          assertEquals(a * b, IntMath.checkedMultiply(a, b));
          assertTrue(expectedSuccess);
        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {
          assertFalse(expectedSuccess);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  public void testCheckedPow() {

  private int calculateNewCapacity() {
    int oldCapacity = queue.length;
    int newCapacity =
        (oldCapacity < 64) ? (oldCapacity + 1) * 2 : IntMath.checkedMultiply(oldCapacity / 2, 3);
    return capAtMaximumSize(newCapacity, maximumSize);
  }

  /** There's no reason for the queueSize to ever be more than maxSize + 1 */