e:"2019-05-01",offset:1,name:"\u4ee4\u548c",narrow:"\u32ff",abbr:"R"},{since:"1989-01-08",until:"2019-04-30",offset:1,name:"\u5e73\u6210",narrow:"\u337b",abbr:"H"},{since:"1926-12-25",until:"1989-01-07",offset:1,name:"\u662d\u548c",narrow:"\u337c",abbr:"S"},{since:"1912-07-30",until:"1926-12-24",offset:1,name:"\u5927\u6b63",narrow:"\u337d",abbr:"T"},{since:"1873-01-01",until:"1912-07-29",offset:6,name:"\u660e\u6cbb",narrow:"\u337e",abbr:"M"},{since:"0001-01-01",until:"1873-12-31",offset:1,name:"...

,"ss","mm","h","hh","dd","w","ww","M","MM","yy","meridiemParse","locales","localeFamilies","normalizeLocale","chooseLocale","names","j","next","loadLocale","arr1","arr2","minl","commonPrefix","oldLocale","_abbr","require","getSetGlobalLocale","e","values","data","getLocale","defineLocale","abbr","_config","parentLocale","forEach","checkOverflow","_a","_overflowDayOfYear","_overflowWeeks","_overflowWeekday","extendedIsoRegex","basicIsoRegex","tzRegex","isoDates","isoTimes","aspNetJsonRegex","obsO...

* <abbr title="serialization, parsing, marshalling">تبدیل</abbr> داده ورودی: که از شبکه رسیده به انواع و داد‌ه‌ پایتونی. این داده‌ شامل:
    * JSON.
    * <abbr title="Path parameters">پارامترهای مسیر</abbr>.
    * <abbr title="Query parameters">پارامترهای پرسمان</abbr>.
    * <abbr title="Cookies">کوکی‌ها</abbr>.
    * <abbr title="Headers">سرآیند‌ها (هدرها)</abbr>.
    * <abbr title="Forms">فرم‌ها</abbr>.

Marshmallow ve Webargs <abbr title="Eklenti: Plug-In">eklentiler</abbr> olarak; veri doğrulama, ayrıştırma ve dönüştürmeyi sağlıyor.

Ancak dökümantasyondan hala ses seda yok. Daha sonrasında ise APISpec geldi.

APISpec pek çok framework için bir <abbr title="Eklenti: Plug-In">eklenti</abbr> olarak kullanılıyor (Starlette için de bir <abbr title="Eklenti: Plug-In">eklentisi</abbr> var).

Örneğin, OAuth2 spesifikasyonunun kullanılabileceği ("şifre akışı" olarak adlandırılan) yollardan birinde, form alanları olarak <abbr title="Kullanıcı Adı: Username">"username"</abbr> ve <abbr title="Şifre: Password">"password"</abbr> gönderilmesi gerekir.

* <a href="https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification" class="external-link" target="_blank"><strong>OpenAPI</strong></a> for API creation, including declarations of <abbr title="also known as: endpoints, routes">path</abbr> <abbr title="also known as HTTP methods, as POST, GET, PUT, DELETE">operations</abbr>, parameters, request bodies, security, etc.

Zum Beispiel stellt eine der Möglichkeiten, die OAuth2 Spezifikation zu verwenden (genannt <abbr title='„Passwort-Fluss“'>„password flow“</abbr>), die Bedingung, einen `username` und ein `password` als Formularfelder zu senden.

Die <abbr title="Specification – Spezifikation">Spec</abbr> erfordert, dass die Felder exakt `username` und `password` genannt werden und als Formularfelder, nicht JSON, gesendet werden.

## Validierung von Zahlen: Floats, größer und kleiner

Zahlenvalidierung funktioniert auch für <abbr title="Kommazahl">`float`</abbr>-Werte.

<img src="/img/tutorial/path-params/image03.png">

### Mit Python-*<abbr title="Enumeration – Aufzählung">Enums</abbr>* arbeiten

Der *Pfad-Parameter* wird ein *<abbr title="Member – Mitglied: Einer der möglichen Werte einer Enumeration">Member</abbr> eines Enums* sein.

#### *Enum-Member* vergleichen

Sie können ihn mit einem Member Ihres Enums `ModelName` vergleichen:

* получение результатов запроса к базе данных
* и т. д.

Поскольку в основном время тратится на ожидание выполнения операций <abbr title="Ввода-вывода">I/O</abbr>,
их обычно называют операциями, <abbr title="I/O bound">ограниченными скоростью ввода-вывода</abbr>.

Код называют "асинхронным", потому что компьютеру / программе не требуется "синхронизироваться" с медленной задачей и,