# Copy of Pydantic v2, compatible with v1
def lenient_issubclass(
    cls: Any, class_or_tuple: Union[type[Any], tuple[type[Any], ...], None]
) -> bool:
    try:
        return isinstance(cls, type) and issubclass(cls, class_or_tuple)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
    except TypeError:  # pragma: no cover
        if isinstance(cls, WithArgsTypes):
            return False
        raise  # pragma: no cover

        warnings.simplefilter("always")
        client.get("/openapi.json")
        assert len(w) >= 2
        duplicate_warnings = [
            warning for warning in w if issubclass(warning.category, UserWarning)
        ]
        assert len(duplicate_warnings) > 0

        for union_arg in union_args:
            if union_arg is type(None):
                continue
            origin_type = get_origin(union_arg) or union_arg
            break
    assert issubclass(origin_type, shared.sequence_types)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
    return shared.sequence_annotation_to_type[origin_type](value)  # type: ignore[no-any-return,index]

And tools will also be happy because both `RedirectResponse` and `JSONResponse` are subclasses of `Response`, so the type annotation is correct.

### Annotate a Response Subclass { #annotate-a-response-subclass }

You can also use a subclass of `Response` in the type annotation:

* Automatically logging all request bodies.

## Handling custom request body encodings { #handling-custom-request-body-encodings }

Let's see how to make use of a custom `Request` subclass to decompress gzip requests.

And an `APIRoute` subclass to use that custom request class.

### Create a custom `GzipRequest` class { #create-a-custom-gziprequest-class }

/// tip

    **Warning**: this is only a stub to connect the components with OpenAPI in FastAPI,
    but it doesn't implement the full OpenIdConnect scheme, for example, it doesn't use
    the OpenIDConnect URL. You would need to to subclass it and implement it in your
    code.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        *,
        openIdConnectUrl: Annotated[
            str,
            Doc(
                """

But if you return a `Response` directly (or any subclass, like `JSONResponse`), the data won't be automatically converted (even if you declare a `response_model`), and the documentation won't be automatically generated (for example, including the specific "media type", in the HTTP header `Content-Type` as part of the generated OpenAPI).

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Basic implementation of {@code Multiset<E>} backed by an instance of {@code
 * ObjectCountHashMap<E>}.
 *
 * <p>For serialization to work, the subclass must specify explicit {@code readObject} and {@code
 * writeObject} methods.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible

    """
    HTTP Digest authentication.

    **Warning**: this is only a stub to connect the components with OpenAPI in FastAPI,
    but it doesn't implement the full Digest scheme, you would need to to subclass it
    and implement it in your code.

    Ref: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7616

    ## Usage

    Create an instance object and use that object as the dependency in `Depends()`.

E as ferramentas também ficarão felizes porque `RedirectResponse` e ​​`JSONResponse` são subclasses de `Response`, então a anotação de tipo está correta.

### Anote uma subclasse de Response { #annotate-a-response-subclass }

Você também pode usar uma subclasse de `Response` na anotação de tipo:

{* ../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial003_03_py39.py hl[8:9] *}