### Concurrence et Burgers

L'idée de code **asynchrone** décrite ci-dessus est parfois aussi appelée **"concurrence"**. Ce qui est différent du **"parallélisme"**.

La **concurrence** et le **parallélisme** sont tous deux liés à l'idée de "différentes choses arrivant plus ou moins au même moment".

Mais les détails entre la **concurrence** et le **parallélisme** diffèrent sur de nombreux points.

### Concurrencia y Hamburguesas

Esta idea de código **asíncrono** descrita anteriormente a veces también se llama **"concurrencia"**. Es diferente del **"paralelismo"**.

**Concurrencia** y **paralelismo** ambos se relacionan con "diferentes cosas sucediendo más o menos al mismo tiempo".

Pero los detalles entre *concurrencia* y *paralelismo* son bastante diferentes.

### Concurrency and Burgers { #concurrency-and-burgers }

This idea of **asynchronous** code described above is also sometimes called **"concurrency"**. It is different from **"parallelism"**.

**Concurrency** and **parallelism** both relate to "different things happening more or less at the same time".

But the details between *concurrency* and *parallelism* are quite different.

import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;
import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReferenceArray;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock;

    // Use concurrent queue for lock-free operations
    private static final java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue<byte[]> bufferQueue =
            new java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();

    // Track queue size with atomic counter for efficiency
    private static final java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger queueSize = new java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger(0);

    /**

- **Logging Abstraction** (`org.codelibs.core.log`) - Flexible logging system supporting JCL (Jakarta Commons Logging) and JUL (Java Util Logging)
- **Concurrent Utilities** (`org.codelibs.core.concurrent`) - Thread-safe collections and concurrency helpers using modern concurrent APIs
- **Crypto & Security** (`org.codelibs.core.crypto`, `org.codelibs.core.security`) - Basic cryptographic utilities, message digest operations, and secure random generation

            assertTrue(exception.getMessage().contains("Signature verification failed"));
        }
    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Concurrency Tests")
    class ConcurrencyTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle concurrent received notifications")
        void testConcurrentReceived() throws InterruptedException {
            int threadCount = 10;

        if (offset + SIGNATURE_OFFSET + SIGNATURE_LENGTH > data.length) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Signature field exceeds data buffer size");
        }

        // Use fine-grained locking for better concurrency
        this.signingLock.lock();
        try {
            if (this.closed) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("SigningDigest is closed");
            }

            // zero out signature field

import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.security.Security;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

### 並行漢堡

你和你的戀人去速食店，排隊等候時，收銀員正在幫排在你前面的人點餐。😍

<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-01.png" class="illustration">

輪到你了，你給你與你的戀人點了兩個豪華漢堡。🍔🍔

<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-02.png" class="illustration">

收銀員通知廚房準備你的漢堡（儘管他們還在為前面其他顧客準備食物）。

<img src="/img/async/concurrent-burgers/concurrent-burgers-03.png" class="illustration">

之後你完成付款。💸

收銀員給你一個號碼牌。