* state: BLOCKED, WAITING, or TIMED_WAITING.
   */
  void waitForThreadToEnterWaitState(Thread thread, long timeoutMillis) {
    long startTime = System.nanoTime();
    for (; ; ) {
      Thread.State s = thread.getState();
      if (s == Thread.State.BLOCKED || s == Thread.State.WAITING || s == Thread.State.TIMED_WAITING)
        return;

              }
            }
          });
      try {
        future.get();
      } catch (Throwable t) {
        // Ignore, we just wanted to block.
      }
      String error = errorMessage.get();
      assertNull(error, error);
    }
    executor.shutdown();
  }

  /**

   * {@code tailSet} views.
   *
   * <pre>{@code
   * NavigableSet<E> set = synchronizedNavigableSet(new TreeSet<E>());
   *  ...
   * synchronized (set) {
   *   // Must be in the synchronized block
   *   Iterator<E> it = set.iterator();
   *   while (it.hasNext()) {
   *     foo(it.next());
   *   }
   * }
   * }</pre>
   *
   * <p>or:
   *
   * <pre>{@code

   * cancelled without a call to {@code cancel}, such as by calling {@code
   * setFuture(cancelledFuture)}.
   *
   * <p>Beware of completing a future while holding a lock. Its listeners may do slow work or
   * acquire other locks, risking deadlocks.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @Override
  public boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) {
    Object localValue = value;
    boolean rValue = false;

   * cancelled without a call to {@code cancel}, such as by calling {@code
   * setFuture(cancelledFuture)}.
   *
   * <p>Beware of completing a future while holding a lock. Its listeners may do slow work or
   * acquire other locks, risking deadlocks.
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  @Override
  public boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) {
    Object localValue = value;
    boolean rValue = false;

    }
  }

  /** A reference to a value. */
  interface ValueReference<K, V> {
    /** Returns the value. Does not block or throw exceptions. */
    @CheckForNull
    V get();

    /**
     * Waits for a value that may still be loading. Unlike get(), this method can block (in the case
     * of FutureValueReference).
     *
     * @throws ExecutionException if the loading thread throws an exception

  }

  /**
   * Causes this thread to call the named method, and asserts that this thread becomes blocked on
   * the lock-like object. The lock-like object must have a method equivalent to {@link
   * java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock#hasQueuedThread(Thread)}.
   */
  public void callAndAssertBlocks(String methodName, Object... arguments) throws Exception {

      /*
       * Using weak references here could let us release exceptions earlier, but:
       *
       * 1. On Android, querying a WeakReference blocks if the GC is doing an otherwise-concurrent
       * pass.
       *
       * 2. We would probably choose to compare exceptions using == instead of equals() (for

   * ...
   * Map<C, V> row = table.row(rowKey);  // Needn't be in synchronized block
   * ...
   * synchronized (table) {  // Synchronizing on table, not row!
   *   Iterator<Entry<C, V>> i = row.entrySet().iterator(); // Must be in synchronized block
   *   while (i.hasNext()) {
   *     foo(i.next());
   *   }
   * }
   * }</pre>
   *

 * "value" of a successful step or the "result" (value or exception) of any step.
 *
 * <ol>
 *   <li>A pipeline starts at its leaf step (or steps), which is created from either a callable
 *       block or a {@link ListenableFuture}.
 *   <li>Each other step is derived from one or more input steps. At each step, zero or more objects
 *       can be captured for later closing.