# Custom Response Classes - File, HTML, Redirect, Streaming, etc.

There are several custom response classes you can use to create an instance and return them directly from your *path operations*.

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/).

You can import them directly from `fastapi.responses`:

```python
from fastapi.responses import (
    FileResponse,

          call: Call,
          response: Response,
        ) {
          responses.offer(response.body.string())
        }
      }

    // Make the first request waiting until we get our auth challenge.
    val request = Request(server.url("/"))
    blockingAuthClient.newCall(request).enqueue(callback)
    val response1 = responses.take()
    assertThat(response1).isEqualTo("")

    **FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.responses` as `fastapi.responses` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available responses come directly from Starlette.

### `Response`

The main `Response` class, all the other responses inherit from it.

You can return it directly.

It accepts the following parameters:

* `content` - A `str` or `bytes`.
* `status_code` - An `int` HTTP status code.

```Python hl_lines="10-12"
{!../../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! note "Technical Details"
    You could also use `from starlette.responses import Response` or `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

## 直接响应 `Response`

你还可以在直接响应`Response`时直接创建cookies。

你可以参考[Return a Response Directly](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}来创建response

然后设置Cookies，并返回：

```Python hl_lines="10-12"
{!../../../docs_src/response_cookies/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! tip
    需要注意，如果你直接反馈一个response对象，而不是使用`Response`入参，FastAPI则会直接反馈你封装的response对象。

    所以你需要确保你响应数据类型的正确性，如：你可以使用`JSONResponse`来兼容JSON的场景。

```Python hl_lines="6-7  21-22"
{!../../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! note "Technical Details"
    You could also use `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

    **FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.responses` as `fastapi.responses` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available responses come directly from Starlette.

```Python hl_lines="6-7  21-22"
{!../../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial001.py!}
```

!!! note "📡 ℹ"
    👆 💪 ⚙️ `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

    **FastAPI** 🚚 🎏 `starlette.responses` `fastapi.responses` 🏪 👆, 👩‍💻. ✋️ 🌅 💪 📨 👟 🔗 ⚪️➡️ 💃.

## 🛬 🛃 `Response`

<img src="/img/tutorial/custom-response/image01.png">

## 💪 📨

📥 💪 📨.

✔️ 🤯 👈 👆 💪 ⚙️ `Response` 📨 🕳 🙆, ⚖️ ✍ 🛃 🎧-🎓.

!!! note "📡 ℹ"
    👆 💪 ⚙️ `from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse`.

    **FastAPI** 🚚 🎏 `starlette.responses` `fastapi.responses` 🏪 👆, 👩‍💻. ✋️ 🌅 💪 📨 👟 🔗 ⚪️➡️ 💃.

### `Response`

👑 `Response` 🎓, 🌐 🎏 📨 😖 ⚪️➡️ ⚫️.

👆 💪 📨 ⚫️ 🔗.

    val request = Request(server.url("/"))

    val call = client.newCall(request)
    val response1 = call.execute()

    val cloned = call.clone()
    val response2 = cloned.execute()

    assertThat("abc").isEqualTo(response1.body.string())
    assertThat("def").isEqualTo(response2.body.string())
  }

  @Test
  @Flaky
  fun testMockWebserverRequest() {
    enableTls()

    Sie können auch `from starlette.responses import Response` oder `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse` verwenden.

    **FastAPI** bietet dieselben `starlette.responses` auch via `fastapi.responses` an, als Annehmlichkeit für Sie, den Entwickler. Die meisten verfügbaren Responses kommen aber direkt von Starlette.