t.Errorf("found invalid user, got %v, expect %v", u, user)
	}

	if u, err := gorm.G[User](DB).Where("name = ?", user.Name).Take(ctx); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to find user, got error: %v", err)
	} else if u.Name != user.Name || u.ID != user.ID {
		t.Errorf("found invalid user, got %v, expect %v", u, user)
	}

    @DisplayName("Test valid usernames")
    @ValueSource(strings = { "user", "user123", "user.name", "user-name", "user_name", "******@****.***" })
    void testValidUsernames(String username) {
        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> InputValidator.validateUsername(username));
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @DisplayName("Test invalid usernames")
    @ValueSource(strings = { "user name", // space

	DB.Joins("inner join pets on pets.user_id = users.id").Where("users.name = ?", user.Name).Find(&users1)
	if len(users1) != 3 {
		t.Errorf("should find two users using left join, but got %v", len(users1))
	}

	var users2 []User
	DB.Joins("inner join pets on pets.user_id = users.id AND pets.name = ?", user.Pets[0].Name).Where("users.name = ?", user.Name).First(&users2)
	if len(users2) != 1 {

		t.Fatalf("Failed to commit, got error %v", err)
	}

	if err := DB.First(&User{}, "name = ?", user.Name).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Should find saved record")
	}

	if err := DB.First(&User{}, "name = ?", user1.Name).Error; err == nil {
		t.Fatalf("Should not find rollbacked record")
	}

	if err := DB.First(&User{}, "name = ?", user2.Name).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Should find saved record")
	}
}

	}

	DB.Save(&User{Name: "find or init", Age: 33})
	DB.Where(&User{Name: "find or init"}).Attrs("age", 44).FirstOrInit(&user5)
	if user5.Name != "find or init" || user5.ID == 0 || user5.Age != 33 {
		t.Errorf("user should be found and not initialized by Attrs")
	}

	DB.Where(&User{Name: "find or init", Age: 33}).FirstOrInit(&user6)

func TestMergeNestedPreloadWithNestedJoin(t *testing.T) {
	users := []User{
		{
			Name: "TestMergeNestedPreloadWithNestedJoin-1",
			Manager: &User{
				Name: "Alexis Manager",
				Tools: []Tools{
					{Name: "Alexis Tool 1"},
					{Name: "Alexis Tool 2"},
				},
			},
		},
		{
			Name: "TestMergeNestedPreloadWithNestedJoin-2",
			Manager: &User{
				Name: "Jinzhu Manager",
				Tools: []Tools{

import (
	"regexp"
	"strings"
	"testing"
	"time"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

func TestRow(t *testing.T) {
	user1 := User{Name: "RowUser1", Age: 1}
	user2 := User{Name: "RowUser2", Age: 10}
	user3 := User{Name: "RowUser3", Age: 20}
	DB.Save(&user1).Save(&user2).Save(&user3)

	row := DB.Table("users").Where("name = ?", user2.Name).Select("age").Row()

	var age int64

)

type PersonAddressInfo struct {
	Person  *Person  `gorm:"embedded"`
	Address *Address `gorm:"embedded"`
}

func TestScan(t *testing.T) {
	user1 := User{Name: "ScanUser1", Age: 1}
	user2 := User{Name: "ScanUser2", Age: 10}
	user3 := User{Name: "ScanUser3", Age: 20}
	DB.Save(&user1).Save(&user2).Save(&user3)

	type result struct {
		ID   uint
		Name string
		Age  int
	}

	var res result

	}
}

// Multi-owners: HasMany update and delete
func TestClauseAssociationSetUpdateAndDeleteManyOwnersHasMany(t *testing.T) {
	ctx := context.Background()
	u1 := User{Name: "MultiOwners-HasMany-1", Age: 21}
	u1.Pets = []*Pet{{Name: "p1"}}
	u2 := User{Name: "MultiOwners-HasMany-2", Age: 22}
	u2.Pets = []*Pet{{Name: "p2"}}
	if err := DB.Create(&u1).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("create u1: %v", err)
	}

	}
}

func TestFirstOrCreateRowsAffected(t *testing.T) {
	user := User{Name: "TestFirstOrCreateRowsAffected"}

	res := DB.FirstOrCreate(&user, "name = ?", user.Name)
	if res.Error != nil || res.RowsAffected != 1 {
		t.Fatalf("first or create rows affect err:%v rows:%d", res.Error, res.RowsAffected)
	}

	res = DB.FirstOrCreate(&user, "name = ?", user.Name)
	if res.Error != nil || res.RowsAffected != 0 {