lint: getdeps ## runs golangci-lint suite of linters
	@echo "Running $@ check"
	@$(GOLANGCI) run --build-tags kqueue --timeout=10m --config ./.golangci.yml
	@command typos && typos ./ || echo "typos binary is not found.. skipping.."

lint-fix: getdeps ## runs golangci-lint suite of linters with automatic fixes
	@echo "Running $@ check"

* `docs`: Docs
    * Changes in docs. This includes updating the docs, fixing typos. But it doesn't include changes to translations.

Hay algunas estructuras de datos que pueden contener otros valores, como `dict`, `list`, `set` y `tuple`. Y los valores internos también pueden tener su propio tipo.

Estos tipos que tienen tipos internos se denominan tipos "**genéricos**". Y es posible declararlos, incluso con sus tipos internos.

Estes tipos que possuem tipos internos são chamados de tipos "**genéricos**". E é possível declará-los mesmo com os seus tipos internos.

Para declarar esses tipos e os tipos internos, você pode usar o módulo Python padrão `typing`. Ele existe especificamente para suportar esses type hints.

#### Versões mais recentes do Python { #newer-versions-of-python }

  }

  private static Type[] toArray(Collection<Type> types) {
    return types.toArray(new Type[0]);
  }

  private static Iterable<Type> filterUpperBounds(Iterable<Type> bounds) {
    return Iterables.filter(bounds, Predicates.not(Predicates.<Type>equalTo(Object.class)));
  }

  private static void disallowPrimitiveType(Type[] types, String usedAs) {
    for (Type type : types) {
      if (type instanceof Class) {

  }

  private static Type[] toArray(Collection<Type> types) {
    return types.toArray(new Type[0]);
  }

  private static Iterable<Type> filterUpperBounds(Iterable<Type> bounds) {
    return Iterables.filter(bounds, Predicates.not(Predicates.<Type>equalTo(Object.class)));
  }

  private static void disallowPrimitiveType(Type[] types, String usedAs) {
    for (Type type : types) {
      if (type instanceof Class) {

These types that have internal types are called "**generic**" types. And it's possible to declare them, even with their internal types.

To declare those types and the internal types, you can use the standard Python module `typing`. It exists specifically to support these type hints.

#### Newer versions of Python { #newer-versions-of-python }

#### Types génériques

Les types qui peuvent contenir des paramètres de types entre crochets, comme :

* `List`
* `Tuple`
* `Set`
* `Dict`
* `Optional`
* ...et d'autres.

sont appelés des **types génériques** ou **Generics**.

### Classes en tant que types

Vous pouvez aussi déclarer une classe comme type d'une variable.

Вы вводите первый параметр функции, `first_name`, затем точку (`.`) и нажимаете `Ctrl+Space`, чтобы вызвать автозавершение.

Но, к сожалению, ничего полезного не находится:

<img src="/img/python-types/image01.png">

### Добавим типы { #add-types }

Давайте изменим одну строку из предыдущей версии.

Мы поменяем ровно этот фрагмент — параметры функции — с:

```Python
    first_name, last_name
```

на:

```Python

Aber leider erhalten Sie nichts Nützliches:

<img src="/img/python-types/image01.png">

### Typen hinzufügen { #add-types }

Lassen Sie uns eine einzelne Zeile aus der vorherigen Version ändern.

Wir ändern den folgenden Teil, die Parameter der Funktion, von:

```Python
    first_name, last_name
```