.setLevel(Level.ERROR)
                .setMessage(new SimpleMessage("test message 1"))
                .build();

        LogEvent event2 = Log4jLogEvent.newBuilder()
                .setLoggerName("another.logger.sub")
                .setLevel(Level.ERROR)
                .setMessage(new SimpleMessage("test message 2"))
                .build();

        assertEquals(3, events.size());
        assertEquals("error 1", events.get(0).getMessage());
        assertEquals("error 2", events.get(1).getMessage());
        assertEquals("error 3", events.get(2).getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_append_warnAppender_errorEvent() {

                        } catch (InterpolationException e) {
                            problems.add(new ModelProblemCollectorRequest(Severity.ERROR, Version.BASE)
                                    .setMessage(e.getMessage())
                                    .setException(e));
                        }
                        cache.put(value, c);
                    }
                    return c;
                }

                        } catch (InterpolationException e) {
                            problems.add(new ModelProblemCollectorRequest(Severity.ERROR, Version.BASE)
                                    .setMessage(e.getMessage())
                                    .setException(e));
                        }
                        cache.put(value, c);
                    }
                    return c;
                }

        assertEquals("SSO process failed", topLevel.getMessage());
        assertEquals(level1, topLevel.getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 1: Authentication service error", topLevel.getCause().getMessage());
        assertEquals(level2, topLevel.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 2: User lookup failed", topLevel.getCause().getCause().getMessage());

        assertEquals(originalException.getMessage(), deserializedException.getMessage());
        assertNotNull(deserializedException.getCause());
        assertEquals(originalException.getCause().getMessage(), deserializedException.getCause().getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    public void test_getMessage() {
        // Test getMessage() method
        String message = "Custom SSO error message";

            // If exception thrown, validation is working
            assertTrue(e.getMessage().contains("Invalid negotiate context data length") || e.getMessage().contains("Buffer too small")
                    || e.getMessage().contains("negotiate context"), "Validation detected issue: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Test negotiate context buffer overflow protection.
     */

        assertTrue(exception instanceof FessSystemException);
    }

    @Test
    public void test_constructorWithNullMessage() {
        // Test constructor with null message
        SearchQueryException exception = new SearchQueryException((String) null);

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());

        assertEquals("Type1", exception1.getType());
        assertEquals("Message1", exception1.getMessage());
        assertEquals("Type2", exception2.getType());
        assertEquals("Message2", exception2.getMessage());

        assertNotSame(exception1, exception2);
    }

    @Test
    public void test_serialVersionUID() {

        assertEquals(rootCause, finalException.getCause().getCause());
        assertEquals("Final error", finalException.getMessage());
        assertEquals("Intermediate", intermediateCause.getMessage());
        assertEquals("Root error", rootCause.getMessage());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should preserve stack trace")
    void testStackTracePreservation() {
        // When