/** Adds the chain to the seen set, and returns whether all the chain was new to us. */
  private static boolean addCausalChain(Set<Throwable> seen, Throwable param) {
    // Declare a "true" local variable so that the Checker Framework will infer nullness.
    Throwable t = param;

    for (; t != null; t = t.getCause()) {
      boolean firstTimeSeen = seen.add(t);
      if (!firstTimeSeen) {
        /*

        new LineProcessor<Integer>() {
          int seen;

          @Override
          public boolean processLine(String line) {
            seen++;
            sb.append(line);
            return seen < 2;
          }

          @Override
          public Integer getResult() {
            return seen;
          }
        };

        new LineProcessor<Integer>() {
          int seen;

          @Override
          public boolean processLine(String line) {
            seen++;
            sb.append(line);
            return seen < 2;
          }

          @Override
          public Integer getResult() {
            return seen;
          }
        };

| `minio_node_replication_max_queued_count`               | Maximum number of objects queued for replication seen since server start                                 |
| `minio_node_replication_recent_backlog_count`           | Total number of objects seen in replication backlog in the last 5 minutes                                |

     */
    private int countUniqueBytes(byte[] data) {
        boolean[] seen = new boolean[256];
        int count = 0;

        for (byte b : data) {
            int index = b & 0xFF;
            if (!seen[index]) {
                seen[index] = true;
                count++;
            }
        }

        return count;
    }

      for (Entry<E> entry : insertionOrder) {
        map.put(entry.getElement(), entry);
      }

      Set<E> seen = new HashSet<>();
      List<Entry<E>> order = new ArrayList<>();
      for (E e : gen.order(new ArrayList<E>(map.keySet()))) {
        if (seen.add(e)) {
          order.add(map.get(e));
        }
      }
      return order;
    }
  }

      for (Entry<E> entry : insertionOrder) {
        map.put(entry.getElement(), entry);
      }

      Set<E> seen = new HashSet<>();
      List<Entry<E>> order = new ArrayList<>();
      for (E e : gen.order(new ArrayList<E>(map.keySet()))) {
        if (seen.add(e)) {
          order.add(map.get(e));
        }
      }
      return order;
    }
  }

   * range [0, k) and ignore the remaining elements.
   */
  private final @Nullable T[] buffer;
  private int bufferSize;

  /**
   * The largest of the lowest k elements we've seen so far relative to this comparator. If
   * bufferSize ≥ k, then we can ignore any elements greater than this value.
   */
  private @Nullable T threshold;

	defaultHealthCheckReloadDuration = 30 * time.Minute
)

type arnTarget struct {
	Client      *TargetClient
	lastRefresh time.Time
}

// arnErrs represents number of errors seen for a ARN and if update is in progress
// to refresh remote targets from bucket metadata.
type arnErrs struct {
	count            int64
	updateInProgress bool
	bucket           string
}

# Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others { #custom-response-html-stream-file-others }

By default, **FastAPI** will return the responses using `JSONResponse`.

You can override it by returning a `Response` directly as seen in [Return a Response directly](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.