* with {@link #where} and types are resolved using {@link #resolveType}.
 *
 * <p>Note that usually type mappings are already implied by the static type hierarchy (for example,
 * the {@code E} type variable declared by class {@code List} naturally maps to {@code String} in
 * the context of {@code class MyStringList implements List<String>}). In such case, prefer to use

    }

    /**
     * Represents a crawl request containing a URL and its depth in the crawling hierarchy.
     * Used for managing recursive crawling operations.
     */
    private static class CrawlRequest {
        /** The URL to be crawled. */
        private final String url;
        /** The depth of this URL in the crawling hierarchy. */
        private final int depth;

        /**

        // Setup
        final String message = "Test inheritance hierarchy";
        final VaMessenger<FessMessages> messageCode = messages -> messages.addErrorsInvalidQueryUnknown(UserMessages.GLOBAL_PROPERTY_KEY);

        // Execute
        final InvalidQueryException exception = new InvalidQueryException(messageCode, message);

        // Verify inheritance hierarchy
        assertTrue(exception instanceof FessSystemException);

            identifiers.put(ident, method);
          }
        }
      }
    }
    return ImmutableList.copyOf(identifiers.values());
  }

  /** Global cache of classes to their flattened hierarchy of supertypes. */
  private static final LoadingCache<Class<?>, ImmutableSet<Class<?>>> flattenHierarchyCache =
      CacheBuilder.newBuilder()
          .weakKeys()
          .build(
              CacheLoader.from(

    /** Array of supported file protocols for URL classification. */
    protected String[] fileProtocols = { "file:", "smb:", "smb1:", "ftp:", "storage:" };

    /** Queue to track the current XML element hierarchy during parsing. */
    protected LinkedList<String> tagQueue;

    /** List to store parsed label types for access control. */
    protected List<LabelType> labelList;

                hasCronExpression = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        assertTrue(hasCronExpression);
    }

    // Test class hierarchy validation
    public void test_inheritanceValidation() {
        ExtendedTestBean bean = new ExtendedTestBean();
        bean.setCronExpression("invalid");
        bean.setAdditionalCron("also invalid");

 * with {@link #where} and types are resolved using {@link #resolveType}.
 *
 * <p>Note that usually type mappings are already implied by the static type hierarchy (for example,
 * the {@code E} type variable declared by class {@code List} naturally maps to {@code String} in
 * the context of {@code class MyStringList implements List<String>}). In such case, prefer to use

    }
    return throwable;
  }

  /**
   * Gets a {@code Throwable} cause chain as a list. The first entry in the list will be {@code
   * throwable} followed by its cause hierarchy. Note that this is a snapshot of the cause chain and
   * will not reflect any subsequent changes to the cause chain.
   *
   * <p>Here's an example of how it can be used to find specific types of exceptions in the cause