int encoded = originalContext.encode(buffer, 0);
            assertEquals(2 + (2 * maxCiphers), encoded);

            EncryptionNegotiateContext decodedContext = new EncryptionNegotiateContext();
            int decoded = decodedContext.decode(buffer, 0, encoded);

            assertEquals(encoded, decoded);
            assertArrayEquals(ciphers, decodedContext.getCiphers());

    assertThat(encoding.encode(decoded.getBytes(UTF_8), offset, len)).isEqualTo(encoded);
  }

  private static void testDecodes(BaseEncoding encoding, String encoded, String decoded) {
    assertThat(encoding.canDecode(encoded)).isTrue();
    assertThat(encoding.decode(encoded)).isEqualTo(decoded.getBytes(UTF_8));
  }

        dstOut.enc_ndr_long(1); // Non-null pointer for totalentries
        totalentries.encode(dstOut); // Encode the totalentries

        dstOut.enc_ndr_long(0); // Simulate retval

        // Use the encoded data for decoding
        NdrBuffer srcOut = new NdrBuffer(encodeBufferOut, 0);
        decodedEnumEx.decode_out(srcOut);

        assertEquals(0, decodedEnumEx.retval);
        assertEquals(info.level, decodedEnumEx.info.level);

        byte[] encoded = AvPairs.encode(pairs);

        assertNotNull(encoded, "Encoded data should not be null");
        assertEquals(4, encoded.length, "Should only have EOL (4 bytes)");
        assertEquals(AvPair.MsvAvEOL, SMBUtil.readInt2(encoded, 0), "Should be EOL");
        assertEquals(0, SMBUtil.readInt2(encoded, 2), "EOL length should be 0");
    }

    /**
     * Test round-trip encoding and decoding

            int encoded = context.encode(largeBuffer, 0);
            assertEquals(2 + 200, encoded); // 2 for count + 100*2 for ciphers

            EncryptionNegotiateContext decoded = new EncryptionNegotiateContext();
            try {
                int decodedSize = decoded.decode(largeBuffer, 0, encoded);
                assertEquals(encoded, decodedSize);

        // Encode
        byte[] buffer = new byte[8];
        int encoded = original.encode(buffer, 0);
        assertEquals(8, encoded);

        // Decode
        FileEndOfFileInformation decoded = new FileEndOfFileInformation();
        int decodedBytes = decoded.decode(buffer, 0, 8);
        assertEquals(8, decodedBytes);

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should encode basic lock structure correctly")
        void testBasicEncoding() {
            long offset = 0x1234567890ABCDEFL;
            long length = 0xFEDCBA0987654321L;
            int flags = 0x12345678;

            lock = new Smb2Lock(offset, length, flags);
            int encoded = lock.encode(buffer, 0);

            assertEquals(24, encoded);

            // Verify offset (8 bytes)

    }

    /**
     * Encodes an object name to a URL-safe base64 string.
     *
     * @param objectName the object name to encode
     * @return base64 encoded string
     */
    protected static String encodeId(final String objectName) {
        if (objectName == null) {
            return StringUtil.EMPTY;
        }

            // Encode all contexts
            byte[] buffer = new byte[512];
            int offset = 0;
            for (CreateContextRequest context : contexts) {
                int encoded = context.encode(buffer, offset);
                assertTrue(encoded > 0);
                offset += encoded;
            }

            // Verify each context was encoded
            assertTrue(offset > 0);

    val decoded = CertificateAdapters.time.fromDer(generalizedTimeDer)
    val encoded = CertificateAdapters.time.toDer(decoded)

    assertThat(decoded).isEqualTo(date("2050-01-01T00:00:00.000+0000").time)
    assertThat(encoded).isEqualTo(generalizedTimeDer)
  }

  /**
   * Conforming applications MUST be able to process validity dates that are encoded in either
   * UTCTime or GeneralizedTime.