@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "rawtypes"})
    List<Constructor<X>> constructors = (List) Arrays.asList(exceptionClass.getConstructors());
    for (Constructor<X> constructor : preferringStringsThenThrowables(constructors)) {
      X instance = newFromConstructor(constructor, cause);
      if (instance != null) {
        if (instance.getCause() == null) {

        // 1. Class should be final (or have private constructor)
        Constructor<?>[] constructors = SystemUtil.class.getDeclaredConstructors();
        assertEquals("Should have exactly one constructor", 1, constructors.length);
        assertTrue("Constructor should be private", java.lang.reflect.Modifier.isPrivate(constructors[0].getModifiers()));

        // 2. All methods should be static

        // 1. Class should have protected constructor
        Constructor<?>[] constructors = ThreadDumpUtil.class.getDeclaredConstructors();
        assertEquals("Should have exactly one constructor", 1, constructors.length);
        assertTrue("Constructor should be protected", java.lang.reflect.Modifier.isProtected(constructors[0].getModifiers()));

        // 2. All public methods should be static

        factories.add(factory);
      }
    }
    if (!Modifier.isAbstract(type.getRawType().getModifiers())) {
      for (Constructor<?> constructor : type.getRawType().getDeclaredConstructors()) {
        Invokable<T, T> invokable = type.constructor(constructor);
        if (!invokable.isPrivate() && !invokable.isSynthetic()) {
          factories.add(invokable);
        }
      }
    }

        // 2. Should have exactly one private constructor
        Constructor<?>[] constructors = WebApiUtil.class.getDeclaredConstructors();
        assertEquals("Should have exactly one constructor", 1, constructors.length);
        assertTrue("Constructor should be private", java.lang.reflect.Modifier.isPrivate(constructors[0].getModifiers()));

        // 3. All public methods should be static

        // 2. Should have exactly one private constructor
        Constructor<?>[] constructors = KuromojiCSVUtil.class.getDeclaredConstructors();
        assertEquals("Should have exactly one constructor", 1, constructors.length);
        assertTrue("Constructor should be private", java.lang.reflect.Modifier.isPrivate(constructors[0].getModifiers()));

        // 3. All public methods should be static

        factories.add(factory);
      }
    }
    if (!Modifier.isAbstract(type.getRawType().getModifiers())) {
      for (Constructor<?> constructor : type.getRawType().getDeclaredConstructors()) {
        Invokable<T, T> invokable = type.constructor(constructor);
        if (!invokable.isPrivate() && !invokable.isSynthetic()) {
          factories.add(invokable);
        }
      }
    }

   */
  public void testConstructors(Class<?> c, Visibility minimalVisibility) {
    for (Constructor<?> constructor : c.getDeclaredConstructors()) {
      if (minimalVisibility.isVisible(constructor) && !isIgnored(constructor)) {
        testConstructor(constructor);
      }
    }
  }

  /** Runs {@link #testConstructor} on every public constructor in class {@code c}. */
  public void testAllPublicConstructors(Class<?> c) {

   */
  public void testConstructors(Class<?> c, Visibility minimalVisibility) {
    for (Constructor<?> constructor : c.getDeclaredConstructors()) {
      if (minimalVisibility.isVisible(constructor) && !isIgnored(constructor)) {
        testConstructor(constructor);
      }
    }
  }

  /** Runs {@link #testConstructor} on every public constructor in class {@code c}. */
  public void testAllPublicConstructors(Class<?> c) {

        def violation = rule.maybeViolation(jApiMethod)

        then:
        violation.severity == Severity.info
        violation.humanExplanation == 'New public API in 11.38 (@Incubating)'
    }

    def "constructors with @Inject annotation are not considered public API"() {
        given:
        def rule = withContext(ruleElem)
        def annotations = []
        jApiConstructor.annotations >> annotations

        when: