```Python hl_lines="7"
{!../../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial005.py!}
```

!!! note "Rappel"
    Avoir une valeur par défaut rend le paramètre optionnel.

## Rendre ce paramètre requis

Inclus des librairies externes basées, aussi, sur Pydantic, servent d'<abbr title="Object-Relational Mapper">ORM</abbr>s, <abbr title="Object-Document Mapper">ODM</abbr>s pour les bases de données.

En déclarant les types de vos variables, cela permet aux différents outils comme les éditeurs de texte d'offrir un meilleur support.

Ce chapitre n'est qu'un **tutoriel rapide / rappel** sur les annotations de type Python.
Seulement le minimum nécessaire pour les utiliser avec **FastAPI** sera couvert... ce qui est en réalité très peu.

    for (int repeats = 0; repeats < 10000; repeats++) {
      assertTrue(BloomFilter.optimalNumOfBits(random.nextInt(1 << 16), random.nextDouble()) >= 0);
    }

    // and some crazy values (this used to be capped to Integer.MAX_VALUE, now it can go bigger
    assertEquals(3327428144502L, BloomFilter.optimalNumOfBits(Integer.MAX_VALUE, Double.MIN_VALUE));
    IllegalArgumentException expected =
        assertThrows(

   * input element is mapped to a key and a stream of values, each of which are put into the
   * resulting {@code Multimap}, in the encounter order of the stream and the encounter order of the
   * streams of values.
   *
   * <p>Example:
   *
   * <pre>{@code
   * static final ImmutableListMultimap<Character, Character> FIRST_LETTER_MULTIMAP =
   *     Stream.of("banana", "apple", "carrot", "asparagus", "cherry")

							<mapper>
								<type>perm</type>
								<user>${packaging.fess.user}</user>
								<group>${packaging.fess.group}</group>
							</mapper>
						</data>
						<data>
							<type>directory</type>
							<src>${project.build.directory}/fess/WEB-INF/classes/org/codelibs/fess/tomcat</src>
							<mapper>
								<type>perm</type>

    for (int repeats = 0; repeats < 10000; repeats++) {
      assertTrue(BloomFilter.optimalNumOfBits(random.nextInt(1 << 16), random.nextDouble()) >= 0);
    }

    // and some crazy values (this used to be capped to Integer.MAX_VALUE, now it can go bigger
    assertEquals(3327428144502L, BloomFilter.optimalNumOfBits(Integer.MAX_VALUE, Double.MIN_VALUE));
    IllegalArgumentException expected =
        assertThrows(

   * input element is mapped to a key and a stream of values, each of which are put into the
   * resulting {@code Multimap}, in the encounter order of the stream and the encounter order of the
   * streams of values.
   *
   * <p>Example:
   *
   * <pre>{@code
   * static final ImmutableListMultimap<Character, Character> FIRST_LETTER_MULTIMAP =
   *     Stream.of("banana", "apple", "carrot", "asparagus", "cherry")

	}

	bootstrapTraceMsg("purging expired STS credentials")

	iamListing, ok := iamOS.cachedIAMListing.Load().(map[string][]string)
	if !ok {
		// There has been no store yet. This should never happen!
		iamLogIf(GlobalContext, errors.New("WARNING: no cached IAM listing found"))
		return nil
	}

	// Scan STS users on disk and purge expired ones. We do not need to hold a
	// lock with store.lock() here.

    // check upper case
    mappedStr = "::FFFF:192.168.0.1";
    assertTrue(InetAddresses.isMappedIPv4Address(mappedStr));
    mapped = InetAddresses.forString(mappedStr);
    assertThat(mapped).isNotInstanceOf(Inet6Address.class);
    assertEquals(InetAddress.getByName("192.168.0.1"), mapped);

    mappedStr = "0:00:000:0000:0:ffff:1.2.3.4";
    assertTrue(InetAddresses.isMappedIPv4Address(mappedStr));