**FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.responses` as `fastapi.responses` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available responses come directly from Starlette.

### `Response`

The main `Response` class, all the other responses inherit from it.

You can return it directly.

It accepts the following parameters:

* `content` - A `str` or `bytes`.
* `status_code` - An `int` HTTP status code.

!!! note "Technische Details"
    Sie können auch `from starlette.responses import HTMLResponse` verwenden.

    **FastAPI** bietet dieselben `starlette.responses` auch via `fastapi.responses` an, als Annehmlichkeit für Sie, den Entwickler. Die meisten verfügbaren Responses kommen aber direkt von Starlette.

### `Response`

`response_class` はOpenAPIの *path operation* ドキュメントにのみ使用されますが、 `Response` はそのまま使用されます。

#### `HTMLResponse` を直接返す

例えば、このようになります:

```Python hl_lines="7  21  23"
{!../../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial004.py!}
```

この例では、関数 `generate_html_response()` は、`str` のHTMLを返すのではなく `Response` を生成して返しています。

`generate_html_response()` を呼び出した結果を返すことにより、**FastAPI** の振る舞いを上書きする `Response` が既に返されています。

И ваши помощники разработки также будут счастливы, т.к. оба класса `RedirectResponse` и `JSONResponse` являются подклассами `Response`. Таким образом мы получаем корректную аннотацию типа.

### Подкласс Response в аннотации типа

Вы также можете указать подкласс `Response` в аннотации типа:

```Python hl_lines="8-9"
{!> ../../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial003_03.py!}
```

            val response1 = chain.proceed(chain.request())
            response1.body.close()
            chain.proceed(chain.request())
          },
        )
        .build()
    val request =
      Request.Builder()
        .url(server.url("/"))
        .build()
    val response = client.newCall(request).execute()
    assertThat("b").isEqualTo(response.body.string())
  }

    /** Don't accept an unvalidated cached response. */
    fun noCache() = commonNoCache()

    /** Don't store the server's response in any cache. */
    fun noStore() = commonNoStore()

    /**
     * Only accept the response if it is in the cache. If the response isn't cached, a `504
     * Unsatisfiable Request` response will be returned.
     */
    fun onlyIfCached() = commonOnlyIfCached()

    }

    internal constructor(response: Response) {
      this.request = response.request
      this.protocol = response.protocol
      this.code = response.code
      this.message = response.message
      this.handshake = response.handshake
      this.headers = response.headers.newBuilder()
      this.body = response.body
      this.networkResponse = response.networkResponse

```

!!! note "Technische Details"
    Sie können auch `from starlette.requests import Request` und `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse` verwenden.

    **FastAPI** bietet dieselben `starlette.responses` auch via `fastapi.responses` an, als Annehmlichkeit für Sie, den Entwickler. Die meisten verfügbaren Responses kommen aber direkt von Starlette. Das Gleiche gilt für `Request`.

## Die Default-Exceptionhandler überschreiben

 *
 * Both this class and [Response] implement [Closeable]. Closing a response simply
 * closes its response body. If you invoke [Call.execute] or implement [Callback.onResponse] you
 * must close this body by calling any of the following methods:
 *
 * * `Response.close()`
 * * `Response.body().close()`
 * * `Response.body().source().close()`
 * * `Response.body().charStream().close()`
 * * `Response.body().byteStream().close()`

    cacheRequest: CacheRequest?,
    response: Response,
  ): Response {
    // Some apps return a null body; for compatibility we treat that like a null cache request.
    if (cacheRequest == null) return response
    val cacheBodyUnbuffered = cacheRequest.body()

    val source = response.body.source()
    val cacheBody = cacheBodyUnbuffered.buffer()

    val cacheWritingSource =
      object : Source {