// Test multi-level exception chaining
        Exception level1 = new Exception("Level 1");
        RuntimeException level2 = new RuntimeException("Level 2", level1);
        StorageException level3 = new StorageException("Level 3", level2);

        assertEquals("Level 3", level3.getMessage());
        assertEquals(level2, level3.getCause());
        assertEquals("Level 2", level3.getCause().getMessage());

    public void test_multiLevelExceptionChain() {
        // Test multi-level exception chain
        Throwable level3 = new NullPointerException("Null value");
        Throwable level2 = new IllegalStateException("Invalid state", level3);
        Throwable level1 = new RuntimeException("Runtime error", level2);
        PluginException exception = new PluginException("Plugin failure", level1);

        // Verify the complete chain

        assertEquals("root-file.txt", item.getName());
        assertEquals("", item.getPath());
    }

    public void test_deeplyNestedPath() {
        final String deepPath = "/level1/level2/level3/level4/level5/";
        final StorageItem item = new StorageItem("nested.txt", deepPath, false, 256L, null, "bmVzdGVkLnR4dA==");

        assertEquals(deepPath, item.getPath());
    }

        // Test that Files.createDirectories works correctly for nested paths
        Path tempDir = Files.createTempDirectory("toctou_test");
        try {
            Path nestedPath = tempDir.resolve("level1").resolve("level2").resolve("level3");
            assertFalse(Files.exists(nestedPath));

            Files.createDirectories(nestedPath);

            assertTrue(Files.exists(nestedPath));

    public void test_exceptionChaining() {
        // Test exception chaining with multiple levels
        Exception rootCause = new Exception("Root cause");
        RuntimeException middleCause = new RuntimeException("Middle cause", rootCause);
        FessSystemException topException = new FessSystemException("Top level", middleCause);

        assertEquals("Top level", topException.getMessage());
        assertEquals(middleCause, topException.getCause());

		<Logger name="org.lastaflute" additivity="false" level="${log.level}">
			<AppenderRef ref="AppFile" />
			<AppenderRef ref="LogNotification" />
		</Logger>
		<Logger name="org.opensearch.bootstrap" additivity="false" level="error">
			<AppenderRef ref="AppFile" />
		</Logger>
		<Logger name="com.onelogin.saml2" level="off"/>
		<Logger name="org.codelibs.fess.llm" additivity="false" level="${llm.log.level}">
			<AppenderRef ref="LlmFile" />

		<LogNotificationAppender name="LogNotification"
			minLevel="${sys:fess.log.notification.level:-ERROR}" />
	</Appenders>

	<Loggers>
		<Logger name="org.codelibs.fess" additivity="false" level="${log.level}">
			<AppenderRef ref="AppFile" />
			<AppenderRef ref="LogNotification" />
		</Logger>
		<Root level="${root.log.level}">
			<AppenderRef ref="AppFile" />
			<AppenderRef ref="LogNotification" />
		</Root>
	</Loggers>

		<LogNotificationAppender name="LogNotification"
			minLevel="${sys:fess.log.notification.level:-ERROR}" />
	</Appenders>

	<Loggers>
		<Logger name="org.codelibs.fess" additivity="false" level="${log.level}">
			<AppenderRef ref="AppFile" />
			<AppenderRef ref="LogNotification" />
		</Logger>
		<Root level="${root.log.level}">
			<AppenderRef ref="AppFile" />
			<AppenderRef ref="LogNotification" />
		</Root>
	</Loggers>

handlers=java.util.logging.FileHandler
.level=INFO

java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level=INFO
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter=java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter

java.util.logging.FileHandler.level=INFO
java.util.logging.FileHandler.pattern=${fess.log.path}/server_%g.log
java.util.logging.FileHandler.formatter=java.util.logging.SimpleFormatter
java.util.logging.FileHandler.count=10

# Suppress warning logs

        this.loggerNames = loggerNames;
    }

    /**
     * Rewrites log events by converting ERROR level to WARN level for matching loggers.
     *
     * @param event the log event to potentially rewrite
     * @return the original event or a new event with WARN level if conversion applied
     */
    @Override
    public LogEvent rewrite(final LogEvent event) {