#
# setup.python.sh: Install a specific Python version and packages for it.
# Usage: setup.python.sh <pyversion> <requirements.txt>
set -xe

source ~/.bashrc
VERSION=$1
REQUIREMENTS=$2

# Install Python packages for this container's version
if [[ ${VERSION} == "python3.13-nogil" || ${VERSION} == "python3.14-nogil" ]]; then
  cat >pythons.txt <<EOF
$VERSION
EOF

    wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.14.0/Python-3.14.0rc1.tar.xz
    tar -xf Python-3.14.0rc1.tar.xz
  fi
  pushd Python-3.14.0rc1
  mkdir -p /python314-0rc1-nogil
  CC=clang-18 CXX=clang++-18 ./configure --prefix /python314-0rc1-nogil --disable-gil --with-ensurepip=install
  make -j$(nproc)
  make install -j$(nproc)
  ln -s /python314-0rc1-nogil/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3.14-nogil
  popd
else

Ancak, ne yazık ki, yararlı hiçbir şey elde edemediniz:

<img src="/img/python-types/image01.png">

### Tipleri ekle

Önceki sürümden sadece bir satırı değiştirelim.

Tam olarak bu parçayı, işlevin parametrelerini  değiştireceğiz:

```Python
    first_name, last_name
```

ve bu hale getireceğiz:

```Python
    first_name: str, last_name: str
```

Bu kadar.

# Setup Python
COPY setup.python.sh /setup.python.sh
COPY builder.requirements.txt /builder.requirements.txt
RUN /setup.python.sh python3.9 /builder.requirements.txt
RUN /setup.python.sh python3.10 /builder.requirements.txt
RUN /setup.python.sh python3.11 /builder.requirements.txt
RUN /setup.python.sh python3.13 /builder.requirements.txt
RUN /setup.python.sh python3.13-nogil /builder.requirements.txt

venv_dir=$(mktemp -d)
if [[ $(uname -s) != MSYS_NT* ]]; then
  "python${TFCI_PYTHON_VERSION}" -m venv "$venv_dir"
  python="$venv_dir/bin/python3"
else
  # When using the Linux-like path, venv creation quietly fails, which is
  # why it's converted here.
  venv_dir=$(cygpath -m $venv_dir)
  "/c/python${TFCI_PYTHON_VERSION}/python.exe" -m venv "$venv_dir"
  python="$venv_dir/Scripts/python.exe"
fi

RUN /setup.python.sh python3.9 requirements.txt
RUN /setup.python.sh python3.10 requirements.txt
RUN /setup.python.sh python3.11 requirements.txt
RUN /setup.python.sh python3.12 requirements.txt
RUN /setup.python.sh python3.13 requirements.txt
# python3.13-nogil is a free-threaded build of python3.13.
RUN /setup.python.sh python3.13-nogil requirements.txt
RUN /setup.python.sh python3.14 requirements.txt

자세한 내용은 <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/__main__.html" class="external-link" target="_blank">공식 Python 문서</a>를 확인하세요

///

## 디버거로 코드 실행

코드에서 직접 Uvicorn 서버를 실행하고 있기 때문에 디버거에서 직접 Python 프로그램(FastAPI 애플리케이션)을 호출할 수 있습니다.

---

예를 들어 Visual Studio Code에서 다음을 수행할 수 있습니다.

* "Debug" 패널로 이동합니다.
* "Add configuration...".
* "Python"을 선택합니다.
* "`Python: Current File (Integrated Terminal)`" 옵션으로 디버거를 실행합니다.

따라서, 다음과 같이 Pydantic 객체 `user_in`을 생성할 수 있습니다:

```Python
user_in = UserIn(username="john", password="secret", email="******@****.***")
```

그 다음, 다음과 같이 호출합니다:

```Python
user_dict = user_in.dict()
```

이제 변수 `user_dict`에 데이터가 포함된 `dict`를 가지게 됩니다(이는 Pydantic 모델 객체가 아닌 `dict`입니다).

그리고 다음과 같이 호출하면:

```Python
print(user_dict)
```

Python의 `dict`가 다음과 같이 출력됩니다:

```Python
{

* Wenn Sie eine Python-Version kleiner als 3.9 verwenden, importieren Sie das Äquivalent zum entsprechenden Typ vom `typing`-Modul
* Überreichen Sie den/die inneren Typ(en) von eckigen Klammern umschlossen, `[` und `]`, als „Typ-Parameter“

In Python 3.9 wäre das:

```Python
my_list: list[str]
```

Und in Python-Versionen vor 3.9:

```Python
from typing import List

my_list: List[str]
```

```

</div>

////

## Read env vars in Python { #read-env-vars-in-python }

You could also create environment variables **outside** of Python, in the terminal (or with any other method), and then **read them in Python**.

For example you could have a file `main.py` with:

```Python hl_lines="3"
import os

name = os.getenv("MY_NAME", "World")
print(f"Hello {name} from Python")
```

/// tip