* range uniformly at random. Zero is treated as having log2 == 0.
   */
  static BigInteger randomNonNegativeBigInteger(int numBits) {
    int digits = RANDOM_SOURCE.nextInt(numBits);
    if (digits == 0) {
      return new BigInteger(1, RANDOM_SOURCE);
    } else {
      return new BigInteger(digits, RANDOM_SOURCE).setBit(digits);
    }
  }

  /**

   * range uniformly at random. Zero is treated as having log2 == 0.
   */
  static BigInteger randomNonNegativeBigInteger(int numBits) {
    int digits = RANDOM_SOURCE.nextInt(numBits);
    if (digits == 0) {
      return new BigInteger(1, RANDOM_SOURCE);
    } else {
      return new BigInteger(digits, RANDOM_SOURCE).setBit(digits);
    }
  }

  /**

import com.google.caliper.Param;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Benchmarks for the rounding methods of {@code BigIntegerMath}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class BigIntegerMathRoundingBenchmark {
  private static final BigInteger[] nonzero1 = new BigInteger[ARRAY_SIZE];

     */
    public static BigInteger toBigInteger(final Object o) {
        return toBigInteger(o, null);
    }

    /**
     * Converts to {@link BigInteger}.
     *
     * @param o
     *            The object to convert
     * @param pattern
     *            The pattern string
     * @return The converted {@link BigInteger}
     */

    if (x <= 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(role + " (" + x + ") must be > 0");
    }
    return x;
  }

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  static BigInteger checkPositive(String role, BigInteger x) {
    if (x.signum() <= 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(role + " (" + x + ") must be > 0");
    }
    return x;
  }

  @CanIgnoreReturnValue

import com.google.caliper.Param;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.math.RoundingMode;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Benchmarks for the rounding methods of {@code BigIntegerMath}.
 *
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@NullUnmarked
public class BigIntegerMathRoundingBenchmark {
  private static final BigInteger[] nonzero1 = new BigInteger[ARRAY_SIZE];

    }
  }

  /** Previous version of BigIntegerMath.factorial, kept for timing purposes. */
  private static BigInteger oldSlowFactorial(int n) {
    if (n <= 20) {
      return BigInteger.valueOf(LongMath.factorial(n));
    } else {
      int k = 20;
      return BigInteger.valueOf(LongMath.factorial(k)).multiply(oldSlowFactorial(k, n));
    }
  }

        () -> MathPreconditions.checkPositive("BigInteger", BigInteger.ZERO));
  }

  public void testCheckPositive_positiveBigInteger() {
    MathPreconditions.checkPositive("BigInteger", BigInteger.ONE);
  }

  public void testCheckPositive_negativeBigInteger() {
    assertThrows(
        IllegalArgumentException.class,
        () -> MathPreconditions.checkPositive("BigInteger", BigInteger.ZERO.negate()));
  }

        () -> MathPreconditions.checkPositive("BigInteger", BigInteger.ZERO));
  }

  public void testCheckPositive_positiveBigInteger() {
    MathPreconditions.checkPositive("BigInteger", BigInteger.ONE);
  }

  public void testCheckPositive_negativeBigInteger() {
    assertThrows(
        IllegalArgumentException.class,
        () -> MathPreconditions.checkPositive("BigInteger", BigInteger.ZERO.negate()));
  }

            final BigInteger lastBigInt = BigInteger.valueOf(last);
            final BigInteger firstBigInt = BigInteger.valueOf(first);
            BigInteger completeBigInt = lastBigInt.add(firstBigInt.shiftLeft(32));
            completeBigInt = completeBigInt.divide(BigInteger.valueOf(10000L));
            completeBigInt = completeBigInt.add(BigInteger.valueOf(-SmbConstants.MILLISECONDS_BETWEEN_1970_AND_1601));