dst[dstIndex + 2 * i + 1] = (byte) (((tmp[i] & 0xF0) >> 4) + 0x41);
            dst[dstIndex + 2 * i + 2] = (byte) ((tmp[i] & 0x0F) + 0x41);
        }
        for (; i < 15; i++) {
            dst[dstIndex + 2 * i + 1] = (byte) 0x43;
            dst[dstIndex + 2 * i + 2] = (byte) 0x41;
        }
        dst[dstIndex + TYPE_OFFSET] = (byte) (((this.hexCode & 0xF0) >> 4) + 0x41);

                dst[dstIndex + 2 * i + 2] = (byte) ((tmp[i] & 0x0F) + 0x41);
            }
            for (; i < 15; i++) {
                dst[dstIndex + 2 * i + 1] = (byte) 0x43;
                dst[dstIndex + 2 * i + 2] = (byte) 0x41;
            }
            dst[dstIndex + TYPE_OFFSET] = (byte) (((hexCode & 0xF0) >> 4) + 0x41);

     */
    static Stream<Arguments> encodeProvider() {
        return Stream.of(Arguments.of(new byte[0], ""), Arguments.of(new byte[] { (byte) 0x41 }, "QQ=="), // "A"
                Arguments.of(new byte[] { (byte) 0x41, (byte) 0x42 }, "QUI="), // "AB"
                Arguments.of("Man".getBytes(), "TWFu"), // 3 bytes, no padding

		// string "Bins"
		o = append(o, 0x82, 0xa4, 0x42, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x73)
		o = msgp.AppendArrayHeader(o, uint32(24))
		for zb0009 := range zb0008.Bins {
			o, err = zb0008.Bins[zb0009].MarshalMsg(o)
			if err != nil {
				err = msgp.WrapError(err, zb0007, "Bins", zb0009)
				return
			}
		}
		// string "UpdatedAt"
		o = append(o, 0xa9, 0x55, 0x70, 0x64, 0x61, 0x74, 0x65, 0x64, 0x41, 0x74)
		o = msgp.AppendTime(o, zb0008.UpdatedAt)

    public void testReadSid() throws IOException, PACDecodingException {
        // A simple SID: S-1-1-0
        byte[] data = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, // sidSize = 1
                0x01, // revision
                0x01, // sub-authority count
                0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, // authority
                0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 // sub-authority 1
        };
        PacDataInputStream pdis = createInputStream(data);

	// map header, size 3
	// string "Deleted"
	o = append(o, 0x83, 0xa7, 0x44, 0x65, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x74, 0x65, 0x64)
	o = msgp.AppendBool(o, z.Deleted)
	// string "Cached"
	o = append(o, 0xa6, 0x43, 0x61, 0x63, 0x68, 0x65, 0x64)
	o = msgp.AppendBool(o, z.Cached)
	// string "NoMetadata"
	o = append(o, 0xaa, 0x4e, 0x6f, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x61, 0x64, 0x61, 0x74, 0x61)
	o = msgp.AppendBool(o, z.NoMetadata)
	return
}

    @DisplayName("Should implement equals correctly")
    void testEquals() {
        byte[] testBytes1 = new byte[] { 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x0E, 0x0F, 0x10 };
        byte[] testBytes2 = Arrays.copyOf(testBytes1, 16);
        byte[] testBytes3 = new byte[] { 0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x14, 0x15, 0x16, 0x17, 0x18, 0x19, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x1C, 0x1D, 0x1E, 0x1F, 0x20 };

    /**
     * Shutdown packet type
     */
    int RPC_PT_SHUTDOWN = 0x11;
    /**
     * Cancel packet type
     */
    int RPC_PT_CANCEL = 0x12;
    /**
     * Acknowledgment packet type
     */
    int RPC_PT_ACK = 0x13;
    /**
     * Reject packet type
     */
    int RPC_PT_REJECT = 0x14;
    /**
     * Connection-oriented cancel packet type
     */

    void testSetFlagFalse() {
        msg.setFlag(0x4, true);
        msg.setFlag(0x4, false);
        assertFalse(msg.getFlag(0x4), "Bit should be cleared after setFlag(false)");
    }

    // ---------------- Static read tests -----------------
    @Test
    @DisplayName("readULong correctly interprets little endian")
    void testReadULong() {
        byte[] a = new byte[] { (byte) 0x01, (byte) 0x02, (byte) 0x03, (byte) 0x04 };

        // Prepare padded arrays
        byte[] customData = new byte[8];
        customData[0] = 0x01;
        customData[1] = 0x02;

        byte[] machineId = new byte[32];
        machineId[0] = 0x10;
        machineId[1] = 0x11;
        machineId[2] = 0x12;

        AvSingleHost avSingleHost = new AvSingleHost(customData, machineId);