tx = db.getInstance()
	tx.Statement.Model = value
	return
}

// Clauses Add clauses
//
// This supports both standard clauses (clause.OrderBy, clause.Limit, clause.Where) and more
// advanced techniques like specifying lock strength and optimizer hints. See the
// [docs] for more depth.
//
//	// add a simple limit clause
//	db.Clauses(clause.Limit{Limit: 1}).Find(&User{})
//	// tell the optimizer to use the `idx_user_name` index

	}, {
		Expressions: []clause.Expression{
			clause.Neq{Column: column, Value: nil},
			clause.Neq{Column: column, Value: (*string)(nil)},
			clause.Neq{Column: column, Value: (*int)(nil)},
			clause.Neq{Column: column, Value: (*bool)(nil)},
			clause.Neq{Column: column, Value: (interface{})(nil)},
		},
		Result: "`column-name` IS NOT NULL",
	}, {
		Expressions: []clause.Expression{

				for _, cond := range queryConds {
					if c, ok := cond.(clause.IN); ok && len(c.Values) == 0 {
						withoutConditions = true
						break
					}
				}

				if !withoutConditions && db.AddError(tx.Clauses(clause.Where{Exprs: queryConds}).Delete(modelValue).Error) != nil {
					return
				}
			case schema.Many2Many:
				var (
					queryConds     = make([]clause.Expression, 0, len(rel.References))

		},
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{
				Columns: []clause.Column{clause.PrimaryColumn},
			}, clause.Select{
				Columns: []clause.Column{{Name: "name"}},
			}, clause.From{}},
			"SELECT `name` FROM `users`", nil,
		},
		{
			[]clause.Interface{clause.Select{
				Expression: clause.CommaExpression{
					Exprs: []clause.Expression{
						clause.NamedExpr{"?", []interface{}{clause.Column{Name: "id"}}},

	}
}

// MergeClause merge order by clauses
func (returning Returning) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	if v, ok := clause.Expression.(Returning); ok {
		returning.Columns = append(v.Columns, returning.Columns...)
	}

	clause.Expression = returning

			builder.WriteByte(' ')
		}
		builder.WriteString("OFFSET ")
		builder.AddVar(builder, limit.Offset)
	}
}

// MergeClause merge order by clauses
func (limit Limit) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	clause.Name = ""

	if v, ok := clause.Expression.(Limit); ok {
		if (limit.Limit == nil || *limit.Limit == 0) && v.Limit != nil {
			limit.Limit = v.Limit
		}

		if limit.Offset == 0 && v.Offset > 0 {

				builder.WriteString(" DESC")
			}
		}
	}
}

// MergeClause merge order by clauses
func (orderBy OrderBy) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	if v, ok := clause.Expression.(OrderBy); ok {
		for i := len(orderBy.Columns) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
			if orderBy.Columns[i].Reorder {
				orderBy.Columns = orderBy.Columns[i:]
				clause.Expression = orderBy
				return
			}
		}

			builder.AddVar(builder, value...)
			builder.WriteByte(')')
		}
	} else {
		builder.WriteString("DEFAULT VALUES")
	}
}

// MergeClause merge values clauses
func (values Values) MergeClause(clause *Clause) {
	clause.Name = ""
	clause.Expression = values

	"time"

	"gorm.io/gorm"
	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
	. "gorm.io/gorm/utils/tests"
)

func TestUpsert(t *testing.T) {
	lang := Language{Code: "upsert", Name: "Upsert"}
	if err := DB.Clauses(clause.OnConflict{DoNothing: true}).Create(&lang).Error; err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to upsert, got %v", err)
	}

	lang2 := Language{Code: "upsert", Name: "Upsert"}

				if _, ok := db.Statement.Clauses["RETURNING"]; !ok {
					fromColumns := make([]clause.Column, 0, len(db.Statement.Schema.FieldsWithDefaultDBValue))
					for _, field := range db.Statement.Schema.FieldsWithDefaultDBValue {
						fromColumns = append(fromColumns, clause.Column{Name: field.DBName})
					}
					db.Statement.AddClause(clause.Returning{Columns: fromColumns})
				}
			}
		}