///

## Type hints in **FastAPI** { #type-hints-in-fastapi }

**FastAPI** takes advantage of these type hints to do several things.

With **FastAPI** you declare parameters with type hints and you get:

* **Editor support**.
* **Type checks**.

...and **FastAPI** uses the same declarations to:

/// tip

请注意， `name` 和 `price` 的自动补全，是通过其在`Item`模型(FastAPI)中的定义实现的。

///

如果发送的数据字段不符，你也会看到编辑器的错误提示:

<img src="/img/tutorial/generate-clients/image04.png">

响应(response)对象也拥有自动补全:

<img src="/img/tutorial/generate-clients/image05.png">

## 带有标签的 FastAPI 应用

在许多情况下，你的FastAPI应用程序会更复杂，你可能会使用标签来分隔不同组的*路径操作(path operations)*。

这将允许您在**多个地方**能够**重用模型**，并且可以一次性声明所有参数的验证和元数据。😎

/// note

自 FastAPI 版本 `0.115.0` 起支持此功能。🤓

///

## 使用 Pydantic 模型的 Header 参数

在 **Pydantic 模型**中声明所需的 **header 参数**，然后将参数声明为 `Header` :

{* ../../docs_src/header_param_models/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[9:14,18] *}

**FastAPI** 将从请求中接收到的 **headers** 中**提取**出**每个字段**的数据，并提供您定义的 Pydantic 模型。

## 查看文档

import random
from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import AfterValidator

app = FastAPI()

data = {
    "isbn-9781529046137": "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy",
    "imdb-tt0371724": "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy",
    "isbn-9781439512982": "Isaac Asimov: The Complete Stories, Vol. 2",
}


def check_valid_id(id: str):
    if not id.startswith(("isbn-", "imdb-")):

{* ../../docs_src/websockets/tutorial001.py hl[2,6:38,41:43] *}

## `websocket` 생성하기

**FastAPI** 응용 프로그램에서 `websocket`을 생성합니다:

{* ../../docs_src/websockets/tutorial001.py hl[1,46:47] *}

/// note | 기술적 세부사항

`from starlette.websockets import WebSocket`을 사용할 수도 있습니다.

**FastAPI**는 개발자를 위한 편의를 위해 동일한 `WebSocket`을 직접 제공합니다. 하지만 이는 Starlette에서 가져옵니다.

///

## 메시지를 대기하고 전송하기

import functools

import pytest
from fastapi import (
    APIRouter,
    Depends,
    FastAPI,
    Header,
    WebSocket,
    WebSocketDisconnect,
    status,
)
from fastapi.middleware import Middleware
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

router = APIRouter()
prefix_router = APIRouter()
native_prefix_route = APIRouter(prefix="/native")
app = FastAPI()


@app.websocket_route("/")

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.path_operation_advanced_configuration.tutorial003_py39 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_get():
    response = client.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == [{"item_id": "Foo"}]


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

name: FastAPI People Contributors

on:
  schedule:
    - cron: "0 3 1 * *"
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      debug_enabled:
        description: "Run the build with tmate debugging enabled (https://github.com/marketplace/actions/debugging-with-tmate)"
        required: false
        default: "false"

env:
  UV_SYSTEM_PYTHON: 1

jobs:
  job:
    if: github.repository_owner == 'fastapi'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

name: FastAPI People Sponsors

on:
  schedule:
    - cron: "0 6 1 * *"
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      debug_enabled:
        description: "Run the build with tmate debugging enabled (https://github.com/marketplace/actions/debugging-with-tmate)"
        required: false
        default: "false"

env:
  UV_SYSTEM_PYTHON: 1

jobs:
  job:
    if: github.repository_owner == 'fastapi'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest

---

Наприклад, у Visual Studio Code Ви можете:

* Перейдіть на вкладку "Debug".
* Натисніть "Add configuration...".
* Виберіть "Python"
* Запустіть дебагер з опцією "`Python: Current File (Integrated Terminal)`".

Це запустить сервер з Вашим **FastAPI** кодом, зупиниться на точках зупину тощо.

Ось як це може виглядати: