# 응답을 직접 반환하기

**FastAPI**에서 *경로 작업(path operation)*을 생성할 때, 일반적으로 `dict`, `list`, Pydantic 모델, 데이터베이스 모델 등의 데이터를 반환할 수 있습니다.

기본적으로 **FastAPI**는 [JSON 호환 가능 인코더](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}에 설명된 `jsonable_encoder`를 사용해 해당 반환 값을 자동으로 `JSON`으로 변환합니다.

그런 다음, JSON 호환 데이터(예: `dict`)를 `JSONResponse`에 넣어 사용자의 응답을 전송하는 방식으로 처리됩니다.

그러나 *경로 작업*에서 `JSONResponse`를 직접 반환할 수도 있습니다.

예를 들어, 사용자 정의 헤더나 쿠키를 반환해야 하는 경우에 유용할 수 있습니다.

type Config struct {
	// Bitrot will perform bitrot scan on local disk when checking objects.
	Bitrot string `json:"bitrotscan"`

	// maximum sleep duration between objects to slow down heal operation.
	Sleep   time.Duration `json:"sleep"`
	IOCount int           `json:"iocount"`

	DriveWorkers int `json:"drive_workers"`

	// Cached value from Bitrot field
	cache struct {

	if c.done != nil {
		xioutil.SafeClose(c.done)
		c.done = nil
	}
	return c.rc.Close()
}

// keepHTTPReqResponseAlive can be used to avoid timeouts with long storage
// operations, such as bitrot verification or data usage scanning.
// Every 10 seconds a space character is sent.
// keepHTTPReqResponseAlive will wait for the returned body to be read before starting the ticker.

& 👥 💪 🚮 📇 `dependencies` 👈 🔜 🚮 🌐 *➡ 🛠️* 📻 & 🔜 🛠️/❎ 🔠 📨 ⚒ 👫.

/// tip

🗒 👈, 🌅 💖 [🔗 *➡ 🛠️ 👨‍🎨*](dependencies/dependencies-in-path-operation-decorators.md){.internal-link target=_blank}, 🙅‍♂ 💲 🔜 🚶‍♀️ 👆 *➡ 🛠️ 🔢*.

///

🔚 🏁 👈 🏬 ➡ 🔜:

* `/items/`
* `/items/{item_id}`

...👥 🎯.

* 👫 🔜 ™ ⏮️ 📇 🔖 👈 🔌 👁 🎻 `"items"`.

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests {@code put} operations on a map. Can't be invoked directly;
 * please see {@link com.google.common.collect.testing.MapTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Chris Povirk
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 */
@GwtCompatible(emulated = true)

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.NavigableSet;
import java.util.TreeSet;
import org.junit.Ignore;

/**
 * A generic JUnit test which tests operations on a NavigableSet. Can't be invoked directly; please
 * see {@code NavigableSetTestSuiteBuilder}.
 *
 * @author Jesse Wilson
 * @author Louis Wasserman
 */
@GwtIncompatible

import java.util.logging.Level;
import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * A helper which does some thread-safe operations for aggregate futures, which must be implemented
 * differently in GWT. Namely:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Lazily initializes a set of seen exceptions
 *   <li>Decrements a counter atomically
 * </ul>
 */

```Python
q: Union[str, None] = Query(default=None, max_length=50)
```

Cela va valider les données, montrer une erreur claire si ces dernières ne sont pas valides, et documenter le paramètre dans le schéma `OpenAPI` de cette *path operation*.

## Rajouter plus de validation

Vous pouvez aussi rajouter un second paramètre `min_length` :

{* ../../docs_src/query_params_str_validations/tutorial003.py hl[9] *}

     * values must be between 1 and [Integer.MAX_VALUE] when converted to milliseconds.
     *
     * The read timeout is applied to both the TCP socket and for individual read IO operations
     * including on [Source] of the [Response]. The default value is 10 seconds.
     *
     * @see Socket.setSoTimeout
     * @see Source.timeout
     */
    fun readTimeout(
      timeout: Long,

import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;

/**
 * An unbounded {@linkplain BlockingQueue blocking queue} that uses the same ordering rules as class
 * {@link PriorityQueue} and supplies blocking retrieval operations. While this queue is logically
 * unbounded, attempted additions may fail due to resource exhaustion (causing {@code
 * OutOfMemoryError}). This class does not permit {@code null} elements. A priority queue relying on