这能让您的用户更轻松地**实现他们的 API** 来接收您的**网络钩子**请求，他们甚至可能能够自动生成一些自己的 API 代码。

/// info | 信息

网络钩子在 OpenAPI 3.1.0 及以上版本中可用，FastAPI `0.99.0` 及以上版本支持。

///

## 带有网络钩子的应用程序 { #an-app-with-webhooks }

当您创建一个 **FastAPI** 应用程序时，有一个 `webhooks` 属性可以用来定义网络钩子，方式与您定义*路径操作*的时候相同，例如使用 `@app.webhooks.post()` 。

{* ../../docs_src/openapi_webhooks/tutorial001_py310.py hl[9:12,15:20] *}

 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND,
 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */

 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND,
 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */

 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND,
 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */

### Metadaten für Tags erstellen { #create-metadata-for-tags }

Versuchen wir es mit einem Beispiel mit Tags für `users` und `items`.

Erstellen Sie Metadaten für Ihre Tags und übergeben Sie diese an den Parameter `openapi_tags`:

{* ../../docs_src/metadata/tutorial004_py310.py hl[3:16,18] *}

///

/// note | Technische Details

Sie können auch `from starlette.templating import Jinja2Templates` verwenden.

**FastAPI** bietet dasselbe `starlette.templating` auch via `fastapi.templating` an, als Annehmlichkeit für Sie, den Entwickler. Aber die meisten der verfügbaren Responses kommen direkt von Starlette. Das Gleiche gilt für `Request` und `StaticFiles`.

///

## Templates erstellen { #writing-templates }

 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND,
 * either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
 * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
 */

Bu durumda, o external API'nin nasıl görünmesi gerektiğini dokümante etmek isteyebilirsiniz. Hangi *path operation*'a sahip olmalı, hangi body'yi beklemeli, hangi response'u döndürmeli, vb.

## Callback'leri olan bir uygulama { #an-app-with-callbacks }

Bunların hepsine bir örnekle bakalım.

Fatura oluşturmayı sağlayan bir uygulama geliştirdiğinizi düşünün.

Bu faturaların `id`, `title` (opsiyonel), `customer` ve `total` alanları olacak.

이렇게 하면 사용자가 여러분의 **webhook** 요청을 받기 위해 **자신들의 API를 구현**하기가 훨씬 쉬워지고, 경우에 따라서는 자신의 API 코드 일부를 자동 생성할 수도 있습니다.

/// info | 정보

Webhooks는 OpenAPI 3.1.0 이상에서 사용할 수 있으며, FastAPI `0.99.0` 이상에서 지원됩니다.

///

## webhooks가 있는 앱 { #an-app-with-webhooks }

**FastAPI** 애플리케이션을 만들면, *경로 처리*를 정의하는 것과 같은 방식으로(예: `@app.webhooks.post()`), *webhooks*를 정의하는 데 사용할 수 있는 `webhooks` 속성이 있습니다.

{* ../../docs_src/openapi_webhooks/tutorial001_py310.py hl[9:12,15:20] *}

要向用戶端回傳帶有錯誤的 HTTP 回應，使用 `HTTPException`。

### 匯入 `HTTPException` { #import-httpexception }

{* ../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial001_py310.py hl[1] *}

### 在程式中 raise 一個 `HTTPException` { #raise-an-httpexception-in-your-code }

`HTTPException` 是一般的 Python 例外，但包含與 API 相關的附加資料。

因為它是 Python 的例外，你不是 `return`，而是 `raise`。