///

## OAuth2 scopes and OpenAPI { #oauth2-scopes-and-openapi }

The OAuth2 specification defines "scopes" as a list of strings separated by spaces.

The content of each of these strings can have any format, but should not contain spaces.

These scopes represent "permissions".

In OpenAPI (e.g. the API docs), you can define "security schemes".

///

## Verifica que el Entorno Virtual esté Activo

Verifica que el entorno virtual esté activo (el comando anterior funcionó).

/// tip | Consejo

Esto es **opcional**, pero es una buena forma de **revisar** que todo está funcionando como se esperaba y estás usando el entorno virtual que pretendes.

///

//// tab | Linux, macOS, Windows Bash

<div class="termy">

```console
$ which python

    try {
      exceptionHandler.handleException(e, context);
    } catch (Throwable e2) {
      // if the handler threw an exception... well, just log it
      logger.log(
          Level.SEVERE,
          String.format(Locale.ROOT, "Exception %s thrown while handling exception: %s", e2, e),
          e2);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Registers all subscriber methods on {@code object} to receive events.
   *

Ahora en lugar de devolver:

```json
{"message": "Hello World"}
```

...este response devolverá:

```json
{
  "message": "Hello World"
}
```

Por supuesto, probablemente encontrarás formas mucho mejores de aprovechar esto que formatear JSON. 😉

## Clase de response predeterminada

Al crear una instance de la clase **FastAPI** o un `APIRouter`, puedes especificar qué clase de response usar por defecto.

            writer.write("192.168 HOST1\n"); // Invalid IP - missing 2 octets (should be skipped)
            writer.write("192.168.1.100 VALIDHOST\n");
            writer.write("not.an.ip HOST2\n"); // Invalid IP format
            writer.write("192.168.1.256 HOST3\n"); // Invalid octet value > 255
        }

        when(mockConfig.getLmHostsFileName()).thenReturn(lmhostsFile.getAbsolutePath());

            // Test 3: Tampered data with valid signature format should return false
            System.arraycopy(validSig, 0, data, SIGNATURE_OFFSET, SIGNATURE_LENGTH);
            data[20] ^= 0xFF; // Tamper with data

            boolean tamperedResult = digest.verify(data, 0, data.length, 0, msg);
            assertFalse(tamperedResult, "Tampered data MUST return false even with valid signature format");
        }

        @Test

Por eso, como se dice en el sitio web oficial:

> Requests es uno de los paquetes Python más descargados de todos los tiempos

La forma en que lo usas es muy sencilla. Por ejemplo, para hacer un `GET` request, escribirías:

```Python
response = requests.get("http://example.com/some/url")
```

La operación de path equivalente en FastAPI podría verse como:

* RBAC objects are now stored in etcd in v1 format. After completing an upgrade to 1.9, RBAC objects (Roles, RoleBindings, ClusterRoles, ClusterRoleBindings) should be migrated to ensure all persisted objects are written in `v1` format, prior to `v1alpha1` support being removed in a future release. ([#52950](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/52950), [@liggitt](https://github.com/liggitt))...

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